Paroxysmal Torticollis in Infancy

Snyder, C. Harrison

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1969.02100030460013

Cited by 116 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…In paroxysmal exertional dyskinesia or intermediate paroxysmal dystonic choreoathetosis [38] dyskinesias can be triggered by prolonged exertion. In infants paroxysmal dystonias with torticollis and axial involvement have been described [3,60]. In Sandifer's syndrome, usually affecting children, but recently also described in adults [56] swallowing of food in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux can trigger dystonic paroxysms.…”

Section: ■ Various Paroxysmal Dyskinesiasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and management of acute movement disorders

Dressler

2005

J Neurol

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Most movement disorders, reflecting degenerative disorders, develop in a slowly progressive fashion. Some movement disorders, however, manifest with an acute onset. We wish to give an overview of the management and therapy of those acute-onset movement disorders.Drug-induced movement disorders are mainly caused by dopamine-receptor blockers (DRB) as used as antipsychotics (neuroleptics) and antiemetics. Acute dystonic reactions usually occur within the first four days of treatment. Typically, cranial pharyngeal and cervical muscles are affected. Anticholinergics produce a prompt relief. Akathisia is characterized by an often exceedingly bothersome feeling of restlessness and the inability to remain still. It is a common side effect of DRB and occurs within few days after their initiation. It subsides when DRB are ceased. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome is a rare, but life-threatening adverse reaction to DRB which may occur at any time during DRB application. It is characterised by hyperthermia, rigidity, reduced consciousness and autonomic failure. Therapeutically immediate DRB withdrawal is crucial. Additional dantrolene or bromocriptine application together with symptomatic treatment may be necessary. Paroxysmal dyskinesias are childhood onset disorders characterised by dystonic postures, chorea, athetosis and ballism occurring at irregular intervals. In Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia they are triggered by rapid movements, startle reactions or hyperventilation. They last up to 5 minutes, occur up to 100 times per day and are highly sensitive to anticonvulsants. In Paroxysmal Non-Kinesiogenic Dyskinesia they cannot be triggered, occur less frequently and last longer. Other paroxysmal dyskinesias include hypnogenic paroxysmal dyskinesias, paroxysmal exertional dyskinesia, infantile paroxysmal dystonias, Sandifer's syndrome and symptomatic paroxysmal dyskinesias. In Hereditary Episodic Ataxia Type 1 attacks of ataxia last for up to two minutes, may be accompanied by dysarthria and dystonia and usually respond to phenytoin. In Type 2 they can last for several hours, may be accompanied by vertigo, headache and malaise and usually respond to acetazolamide. Symptomatic episodic ataxias can occur in a number of metabolic disorders, but also in multiple sclerosis and Behcet's disease.

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Section: ■ Various Paroxysmal Dyskinesiasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and management of acute movement disorders

Dressler

2005

J Neurol

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“…For example, how should we deal terminologically with the two established syndromes of a vestibular manifestation of migraine, i.e. Another early manifestation of migraine is 'benign paroxysmal torticollis in infancy' (15) with onset in the first year of life and spontaneous recovery before 5 years of age. I am currently of the opinion that the clearly specified syndrome of 'benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood' as a typical early manifestation of migraine in young children should be kept, because it is distinguished by the following features: usual onset between 1 and 4 years of age, sudden brief vertigo attacks with postural imbalance, anxiety and nausea lasting for seconds to minutes without associated headache, and a spontaneous remission of the attacks within a few years.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Chameleon Among the Episodic Vertigo Syndromes: ‘Migrainous Vertigo’ or ‘Vestibular Migraine’

Brandt

2004

Cephalalgia

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“…BPT was described by Snyder in 1969 . He described 12 cases in infants beginning at 2–8 months of age.…”

Section: Benign Paroxysmal Torticollismentioning

confidence: 99%

Migraine Variants or Episodic Syndromes That May Be Associated With Migraine and Other Unusual Pediatric Headache Syndromes

Rothner

Parikh

2016

Headache

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The episodic syndromes that may be associated with migraine or migraine variant is multilayered neurological disorder in young children and adolescents. Within the these generally pediatric syndromes there are associated disorders described in this review, to provide a clinical overview and including the less common forms of migraine, such as acute confusional migraine, trauma-triggered migraine, and transient global amnesia.

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Paroxysmal Torticollis in Infancy

Cited by 116 publications

References 1 publication

Diagnosis and management of acute movement disorders

Diagnosis and management of acute movement disorders

A Chameleon Among the Episodic Vertigo Syndromes: ‘Migrainous Vertigo’ or ‘Vestibular Migraine’

Migraine Variants or Episodic Syndromes That May Be Associated With Migraine and Other Unusual Pediatric Headache Syndromes

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