Partial amino acid sequence and mRNA analysis of cytosolic pyridoxine-beta-d-glucoside hydrolase from porcine intestinal mucosa: proposed derivation from the lactase-phlorizin hydrolase gene

Tseung, Chi-Wah; McMahon, Laura G.; Vázquez, Jorge; Pohl, Jan; Gregory, Jesse F.

doi:10.1042/bj20031416

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…LPH, a type of extracellular enzyme that is located in the brush border of the small intestinal epithelium, is the only b-glucosidase in the mammalian intestinal brush border. There are two distinct active sites of LPH for catalytic hydrolysis: one for hydrolyzing lactose and flavonoids, and the other for hydrolyzing phlorizin and b-glucosylceramidase (Tseung et al, 2004). Because LPH is located in the brush border of the small intestinal epithelium (Németh et al, 2003), the flavonoids could be hydrolyzed by LPH once they enter the small intestine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Absorption and Metabolism of Epimedium Flavonoids in Osteoporosis Rats

et al. 2015

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Herba Epimdii is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat osteoporosis. Its main pharmacological ingredients are flavonoids. In previous studies conducted in healthy animals, we showed that epimedium flavonoids could be hydrolyzed into secondary glycosides or aglycon by intestinal flora or enzymes, thereby enhancing their absorption and antiosteoporosis activity. To study the medicine in the pathologic state, epimedium flavonoids were incubated with intestinal mucosa and feces in vitro and intestinal perfusion in situ to explore the differences in absorption and metabolism between sham and osteoporosis rats. For osteoporosis rats, the hydrolysis rates of icariin, epimedin A, epimedin B, and epimedin C incubated with intestinal flora for 1 hour were reduced by 0.19, 0.26, 0.19, and 0.14, respectively, compared with that in sham rats. Hydrolysis rates were reduced by 0.21, 0.24, 0.08, and 0.31 for icariin, epimedin A, epimedin B, and epimedin C incubated with duodenal enzymes for 1 hour and by 0.13, 0.09, 0.07, and 0.47 for icariin, epimedin A, epimedin B, and epimedin C incubated with jejunum enzymes, respectively, compared with the sham group. In addition, the apparent permeability coefficient and elimination percentage of the four epimedium flavonoids in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon decreased by 29%-44%, 32%-50%, 40%-56%, and 27%-53% compared with that in sham rats, respectively. The main metabolites of the four epimedium flavonoids were the same for the two groups after intestinal perfusion, or flora and enzyme incubation. In conclusion, the amount and activity of intestinal flora and enzymes changed in ovariectomized rats, which affected the intestinal absorption and hydrolysis of epimedium flavonoids whose structures contain 7-glucose.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Absorption and Metabolism of Epimedium Flavonoids in Osteoporosis Rats

et al. 2015

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“…The excised protein band was subjected to trypsin digestion and mass spectrometric analysis (Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionisation time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry analysis) (Medzihradszky et al ., 2000; Venkataraman et al ., 2005) at the microchemical and proteomics facility at Emory University as described previously (Tseung et al ., 2004; Freeman et al ., 2005). GPS Explorer 2.0 software (Applied Biosystems) and a MASCOT ( http://www.matrixscience.com) search engine were used for identification of peptide fragments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linkage of T3 and Cpa pilins in the Streptococcus pyogenes M3 pilus

Quigley¹,

Zähner

Hatkoff

et al. 2009

Molecular Microbiology

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SummaryThe important human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus, GAS) initiates infection by pilus-mediated attachment to host tissue. Thus, the pilus is an excellent target for design of anti-infective strategies. The T3 pilus of GAS is composed of multiple covalently linked subunits of the T3 protein to which the two minor pilins, Cpa and OrfB, are covalently attached. Because the proteins of GAS pili do not contain either of the motifs required for pilus polymerization in other Gram-positive bacteria, we investigated the residues involved in their linkage. We show that linkage of Cpa to T3 by the sortase family transpeptidase SrtC2 requires the VPPTG motif in the cell wall-sorting signal of Cpa. We also demonstrate that K173 of T3 is required both for T3 polymerization and for attachment of Cpa to T3. Therefore, attachment of Cpa to K173 of a T3 subunit would block further addition of T3 subunits to this end of the growing pilus. This implies that Cpa is located exclusively at the pilus tip, a location supported by immunogold electron microscopy, and suggests that, as for well-studied pili on Gram-negative bacteria, the role of the pilus is to present the adhesin external to the bacterial capsule.

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“…The proteins were then subjected to trypsin digestion and mass spectrometric analysis (MALDI-TOF-MS/MS analysis) (33) at the microchemical and proteomics facility at Emory University as described previously (34,35). GPS Explorer 2.0 software (Applied Biosystems) and a MASCOT (͗www.matrixscience.com/͘) search engine were used for identification of peptide fragments.…”

Section: Identification Of Cationic Polypeptides Of Vaginal Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cationic Polypeptides Are Required for Anti-HIV-1 Activity of Human Vaginal Fluid

Venkataraman

Cole

Svoboda

et al. 2005

The Journal of Immunology

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142

167

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Mucosal surfaces of the vagina are the portals for heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 and therefore play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of primary infection. In the search for direct biological evidence for the role of human vaginal fluid in innate host defense, we characterized the anti-HIV-1 function of cationic polypeptides within minimally manipulated vaginal fluid. In the current study we revealed that vaginal fluid confers intrinsic anti-HIV-1 properties against both X4 and R5 strains of HIV-1 and could protect against HIV-1 infection and reduce proviral genome integration in organotypic cultures of human cervicovaginal tissue. The majority of this activity was contained in the cationic polypeptide fraction, and the depletion of cationic polypeptides using a selective cation exchange resin ablated most of the intrinsic activity against HIV-1. By adding the cationic polypeptide fraction to depleted vaginal fluid, we were able to restore activity against HIV-1. Using a proteomic approach, we identified 18 cationic polypeptides within vaginal fluid, nearly all of which are either known antimicrobials or have other purported roles in host defense. Interestingly, physiologic concentrations of 13 of the cationic polypeptides were not active alone against HIV-1, yet in concert they partially restored the anti-HIV-1 activity of cation-depleted vaginal fluid. These results suggest that synergism between cationic polypeptides is complex, and full anti-HIV-1 activity probably involves the aggregate of the cationic peptides and proteins in vaginal fluid.

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Partial amino acid sequence and mRNA analysis of cytosolic pyridoxine-beta-d-glucoside hydrolase from porcine intestinal mucosa: proposed derivation from the lactase-phlorizin hydrolase gene

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Intestinal Absorption and Metabolism of Epimedium Flavonoids in Osteoporosis Rats

Intestinal Absorption and Metabolism of Epimedium Flavonoids in Osteoporosis Rats

Linkage of T3 and Cpa pilins in the Streptococcus pyogenes M3 pilus

Cationic Polypeptides Are Required for Anti-HIV-1 Activity of Human Vaginal Fluid

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