Partial Analysis of the Capsid Protein (VP1) of Human Sapovirus Isolated from Children with Diarrhoea in Rural Communities of South Africa

Abstract

Background. Viral diarrhoea is a concern in acute gastroenteritis cases among children younger than 5 years of age. Sapovirus has been noted as an emerging causative agent of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Objective/Study Design. The aim of this study was to characterize human sapoviruses targeting the VP1 (NVR and N-terminal) region. Twenty-five samples were randomly selected from 40 sapovirus-positive samples previously detected and analyzed for the VP1 region using the One-Step RT-PCR assay. The PCR products were subjected to Sanger sequencing analysis. Results. The polyprotein segment (NVR and N-terminal) was successfully amplified from 10/25 samples. Sapovirus GI.1 was the most predominant strain (6/10; 60%), followed by SV-GII.1 (2/10; 20%) and 10% of each GI.3 and GII.3. Conclusion. Through the partial analysis of the VP1 region, this study provides more data to add on the human sapovirus genetic characterization of circulating strains in South Africa, with the proposition of further analysis of sapovirus VP1 fragments for the viral structure and function.

First report of coinfection and whole‐genome sequencing of norovirus and sapovirus in an acute gastroenteritis patient from Pakistan

“…Like NoV, SaV classification is based on the nucleotide sequence of the VP1 region whereby 19 genogroups have been reported (GI−GXIX). Humans are infected by GI, GII, GIV, and GV 3 whereas most common SaVs found globally are GI.1, GI.6, GI.2, and GII.1 12–16 …”

“…Humans are infected by GI, GII, GIV, and GV 3 whereas most common SaVs found globally are GI.1, GI.6, GI.2, and GII.1. [12][13][14][15][16] In Pakistan, small number of research studies during 2005−2016 examined the viral etiology for gastroenteritis with the majority focused only on group A rotavirus (RVA). [17][18][19][20][21] Few studies are available on detection and genetic diversity of NoV and SaV from Pakistan (between 1990−1994 and 2006−2008), where NoV GI.7 and GII.…”