Partial Biological and Molecular Characterization of Tomato yellow fruit ring virus Isolates from Potato

Abstract

Eight potato-producing provinces of Iran were surveyed during the growing seasons of 2004−2006 to detect the presence of Tomato yellow fruit ring virus (TYFRV), a tentative species in the genus Tospovirus. A total of 1,957 potato leaf samples were collected from plants with tospovirus-like symptoms of chlorotic or necrotic spots, chlorosis and necrosis. The samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using TYFRVspecific antibodies. Among those tested, 498 samples (25.4%) were found to be infected with the virus. The virus was detected in 72.4% of the potato fields in all provinces surveyed. Thirteen potato isolates of TYFRV were selected for further biological and molecular studies. Based on their reactions on Nicotiana tabacum plants, the isolates were separated into two groups, namely L (local infection) and N (systemic infection). The nucleotide sequences of the nucleoprotein (N) genes of the isolates were determined and compared with the homologous sequences in Genbank. No recombination evidence was found in the isolates using different recombination-detecting programs. In the phylogenetic tree, the potato isolates fell into two major groups: IRN-1 and IRN-2 corresponding to the two biologically separated groups. This study shows for the first time the biological and phylogenetic relationships of geographically distant TYFRV isolates from potatoes in the midEurasian country of Iran.

Occurrence, Genetic Variability of Tomato Yellow Ring Orthotospovirus Population and the Development of Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Its Rapid Detection

“…The phylogenetic analyses divided TYRV populations into three clusters corresponding to geographical regions of their origin. The phylogenetic division into two Iranian clusters was reported previously [ 30 , 82 ]. Based on the results obtained by Golnaraghi et al the isolate from Kenya grouped in Iranian cluster 2 [ 30 ].…”

Synonymous Codon Pattern of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus in phylogeny and evolution

“…In general, it can be said that the overall nucleotide composition is effective on codon usage bias (Jenkins and Holmes 2003). In the study done on Turnip Mosaic Virus (Ohshima et al 2002) and Tomato Yellow Fruit Ring Virus (Pourrahim et al 2012) it was shown that the hosts can play a important role in the evolution of the host-virus. Our nucleotide composition results showed that CaMV coding sequences prefer codons ending in A.…”