Partial degradation mechanisms of malachite green and methyl violet B by Shewanella decolorationis NTOU1 under anaerobic conditions

Biodegradation of malachite green by Pseudomonas sp. strain DY1 under aerobic condition: characteristics, degradation products, enzyme analysis and phytotoxicity

“…6: MG was hydroxylated to form malachite green carbinol in the first step, which then oxidized and decomposed into (dimethyl amino-phenyl)-phenyl-methanone and N,N-dimethylaniline; the (dimethyl amino-phenyl)-phenyl-methanone was then decomposed into (amino phenyl)-phenyl methanone through a stepwise demethylation process; and di-benzyl methane and N,N-dimethylaniline were the final products detected in this study. The previous literature has indicated that the first step of the biodegradation of MG was either a direct stepwise demethylation process or a reduction reaction followed by a stepwise demethylation process (Chen et al 2009(Chen et al , 2010Li et al 2009). The degradation pathway of MG by bacteria usually begins with a reduction reaction followed by a stepwise demethylation process, while the degradation pathway of MG by fungi mediated by laccase usually begins with a direct stepwise demethylation process (Chen et al 2009(Chen et al , 2010Li et al 2009).…”

“…The previous literature has indicated that the first step of the biodegradation of MG was either a direct stepwise demethylation process or a reduction reaction followed by a stepwise demethylation process (Chen et al 2009(Chen et al , 2010Li et al 2009). The degradation pathway of MG by bacteria usually begins with a reduction reaction followed by a stepwise demethylation process, while the degradation pathway of MG by fungi mediated by laccase usually begins with a direct stepwise demethylation process (Chen et al 2009(Chen et al , 2010Li et al 2009). However, the first step of the biodegradation of malachite green by Pseudomonas sp.…”

Permanent draft genome of the malachite-green-tolerant bacterium Rhizobium sp. MGL06

“…MGL06 from surface seawater samples collected in the South China Sea (118°23′E, 21°03′N). This strain could grow on Difco™ Marine Agar 2216 medium (BD, USA) containing at least 1300 mg/L of malachite green, which is toxic to microorganisms (Chen et al, 2010). This strain has been deposited in the Marine Culture Collection of China (Accession Number: MCCC 1A00836).…”

Industrial dye decolorizing lignin peroxidase from Kocuria rosea MTCC 1532

“…There is also the possibility that a secondary pollution problem will arise due to excessive chemical use and that any subsequent treatment is economically unfeasible to solve. Biological processes provide an alternative to existing remediation technologies because they are more cost effective and environmentally friendly, and they do not produce large quantities of sludge (Robinson et al 2001;Chen et al 2010). The interest in new biocatalyst (enzyme) usage has been growing over the last two decades due to the increasing usage of xenobiotics, the degradation of which is not effective and efficient by means of conventional chemical and biological processes (Alam et al 2009).…”