Partial Life Tables of the Green Cloverworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Soybean and a Hypothesis of Population Dynamics in Iowa
1

Pedigo, Larry P.; Bechinski, E. J.; Higgins, R. A.

doi:10.1093/ee/12.1.186

Cited by 20 publications

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“…1976, Carner 1980, Kogan and Kuhlman 1982, Pedigo et al 1983). 1976, Carner 1980, Kogan and Kuhlman 1982, Pedigo et al 1983).…”

Section: Determination Of Fungal Infestation On P Scabraunclassified

“…Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) is the most common fungal pathogen of the green cloverworm (Plathypena scabra) and is a major biotic control agent oflepidopteran pests in soybeans (lgnoffo et a!. 1976, Carner 1980, Kogan and Kuhlman 1982, Pedigo et al 1983). Cadavers of larvae killed by the fungus can be recognized by the white mat of conidiophores that covers the body except for the head capsule.…”

Section: Determination Of Fungal Infestation On P Scabramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epizootics of N. rileyi are credited with late-season collapse of outbreak populations of green cloverworms, although these do not always develop in time to prevent reduced crop yield (lgnoffo eta!. 1976, Kogan and Kuhlman 1982, Pedigo et a!. 1983.…”

Section: Arthropods In Soybeansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Patterning: Impact of Uncultivated Corridors on Arthropod Populations within Soybean Agroecosystems

Kemp¹,

Barrett²

1989

Ecology

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We established a pattern of uncultivated areas (corridors and a simulated roadside) within a soybean agroecosystem to determine how such areas would affect arthropod densities, levels of crop damage, and crop yield. Twelve 0.4-ha soybean plots were located along a simulated grassy roadside that we hypothesized would serve as a major reservoir for arthropods. Six of these plots were subdivided into thirds by 2 m wide uncultivated corridors either planted in grasses or allowed to enter secondary succession. Undivided crop plots were treated with insecticide (Sevin) or left untreated as controls. Effects of this spatial patterning were evaluated in 1980, 1 yr after establishment.Yield (soybeans per metre of soybean row) differed significantly among all treatments, with the yield in insecticide treatments > treatments divided by grassy corridors > undivided controls > treatments divided by successional corridors. Crop leaf damage reached economically injurious levels in all but insecticide-sprayed treatments. Damaged leaves displayed the lacework pattern characteristic of feeding by the Mexican bean beetle (Epilachna varivestis), whose population densities increased dramatically late in the growing season.Plots divided by successional corridors, which had the lowest yields and the highest levels of defoliation, also had significantly higher abundances of Epilachna varivestis, lepidopteran larvae, leafhoppers, and murids than controls during at least one sampling period. Levels of leaf damage and arthropod abundances generally were similar between control plots and plots divided by grassy corridors. Plots divided by grassy corridors, however, did contain fewer adult Empoasca fabae early in the growing season indicating possible impact of grassy areas on the distribution of adults colonizing the crop. E. fabae avoided grassy corridors and was significantly less abundant in the soybeans adjacent to grassy corridors, suggesting that grassy areas confer an "associational resistance" to invasion by migrating adults.Nomuraea rileyi, a fungal pathogen, infested significantly higher proportions of the green cloverworm (Plathypena scabra) in plots divided by corridors, especially in plots divided by grassy corridors. This fungus is the primary natural biotic control agent of this major lepidopteran larva pest in the Midwest. Presence of uncultivated areas may increase the rate of development ofepizootics of N. rileyi. Green cloverworm populations, however, were not significantly lower in divided plots despite these higher levels of fungal infection.Predators were more abundant in uncultivated areas, especially successional corridors, than in the soybean crop. However, uncultivated areas did not "funnel" predators into the crop as hypothesized. In fact, results suggest that some predators (e.g., Orius insidiosus) were attracted to successional corridors from the adjacent soybean crop.Findings suggest that management of uncultivated corridors within the landscape represents a potentially important means of regulating insect pest...

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“…1976, Carner 1980, Kogan and Kuhlman 1982, Pedigo et al 1983). 1976, Carner 1980, Kogan and Kuhlman 1982, Pedigo et al 1983).…”

Section: Determination Of Fungal Infestation On P Scabraunclassified

Section: Determination Of Fungal Infestation On P Scabramentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Patterning: Impact of Uncultivated Corridors on Arthropod Populations within Soybean Agroecosystems

Kemp¹,

Barrett²

1989

Ecology

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“…The mitosporic fungus Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson, represents an important natural control agent of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), one of the most damaging soybean pests in the American continent (Ignoffo 1981, Pedigo et al 1983, Gazzoni et al 1994, Edelstein 2002. Descriptions of N. rileyi epizootics on A. gemmatalis larvae populations were carried out by a single empirical equation, based on multiple predictive variables (Kish & Allen 1978), and a posterior update on a mechanistic platform (Sujii et al 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-dependent development of the entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson in Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Edelstein¹,

Trumper²,

Lecuona³

2005

Neotrop. Entomol.

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Desenvolvimento Dependente da Temperatura do Fungo Entomopatogênico Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow)Samson em larvas de Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)RESUMO -A influência da temperatura no desenvolvimento do fungo entomopatogênico Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson foi estudada em larvas no terceiro estágio de desenvolvimento de Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner), mantidas sob regime de temperatura constante. Um modelo não-linear foi utilizado para descrever as taxas de crescimento vegetativo e reprodutivo do fungo. A temperatura requerida para obter o maior crescimento vegetativo foi estimada em 25,5ºC, enquanto os limites mínimo e máximo foram estimados em 11ºC e 30ºC, respectivamente. A taxa de conidiação foi estável dos 18ºC aos 26ºC. As temperaturas mínima e máxima estimadas para o desenvolvimento vegetativo coincidem com as condições ambientais de ocorrência natural na Argentina Central. Efeitos não-lineares da temperatura no crescimento vegetativo e reprodutivo, bem como a probabilidade de distribuição in vivo de N. rileyi são descritos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Controle biológico, modelo matemático, dinâmica populacional, inimigo naturalABSTRACT -The influence of temperature on the development rate of the entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson in Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) 3 rd -instar larvae was studied under constant temperature regimes. A non linear model was used to describe temperature-dependent vegetative and reproductive development rates of the fungus. The temperature required to reach the highest vegetative development rate was estimated to be 25.5ºC while lower and upper developmental thresholds were 11ºC and 30ºC, respectively. The rate of development for conidia release was stable from 18ºC to 26ºC. The estimated lower and upper thresholds of vegetative development coincide with conditions during the natural epizootics in central Argentina. Non-linear effects of temperature on vegetative and reproductive development rates and probability distributions of N. rileyi under in vivo conditions are described.

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“…The insect is considered an "occasional" pest of soy beans in Iowa (Pedigo et al, 1973). Widespread larval outbreaks occurred in Iowa in 1966, 1968(Pedigo, 1974 and more local outbreaks were identified in 1975 in northern Iowa [Insect, Weed and Plant Disease Newsletter, IC-421 (20 and 21), 1975in southeastern Iowa [Insect, Weed, and Plant Disease Newsletter, IC-434 (14 and 15), 1977(Pedigo et al, 1983. In Iowa, an outbreak population configuration is characterized by large numbers of immigrant moths that oviposit in soy beans in June and early July.…”

Section: General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecology of Nomuraea rileyi (Fungi: Deuteromycotina) and other natural enemies of the green cloverworm in Iowa agroecosystems

Thorvilson

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Partial Life Tables of the Green Cloverworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Soybean and a Hypothesis of Population Dynamics in Iowa 1

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Spatial Patterning: Impact of Uncultivated Corridors on Arthropod Populations within Soybean Agroecosystems

Spatial Patterning: Impact of Uncultivated Corridors on Arthropod Populations within Soybean Agroecosystems

Temperature-dependent development of the entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson in Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

The ecology of Nomuraea rileyi (Fungi: Deuteromycotina) and other natural enemies of the green cloverworm in Iowa agroecosystems

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