Partial Purification and Characterization of Two &lt;i&gt;Cladosporium herbarum &lt;/i&gt;Allergens

Aukrust, L.; Borch, S. M.

doi:10.1159/000232324

Cited by 73 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Certain high-molecular weight carbohydrates are also allergens (46). Only a few fungal allergens have been precisely characterized (47)(48)(49). Allergy to mold and other fungi mediated through immunoglobulin E (IgE) can be proved by skill prick tests or by detection of antigen-specific IgE antiScand J Work Environ Health 1996, vol22, no 1 bodies in a serum sample with any of the available test kits (RAST, Phadiatop, CLA-Mast, etc) (50,51).…”

Section: Allergic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health effects of indoor-air microorganisms

Husman¹

1996

Scand J Work Environ Health

238

156

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Section: Allergic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health effects of indoor-air microorganisms

Husman¹

1996

Scand J Work Environ Health

238

156

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“…Clmiosporiiirn is reported to be the most common airborne fungus in temperate zones (Solomon 1978) and in many countries the species C. herbarirni is a major fungal cause of inhalent allergy and allergic asthma in man (Nielsson & Aas 1976, Tarlo et al 1988. Aukrust and Borch (1979) identified two major allergenic components of this organism by extensive CRIE studies, but significant biochemical and immunological differences have been reported among different strains (Sward-Nordmo et al 1984). In the present investigation, six isolates of C. herboriitn were studied with the aim of identifying suitable isolate for a reference standard of this organism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aukrust and Borch (1979) identified two major allergenic components of this organism by extensive CRIE studies, but significant biochemical and immunological differences have been reported among different strains (Sward-Nordmo et al 1984). In the present investigation, six isolates of C. herboriitn were studied with the aim of identifying suitable isolate for a reference standard of this organism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergenic components of isolates ofcladosporium herbarum

Vijay¹,

Burton²,

Young

et al. 1991

Grana

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Extracts of the mycelia were prepared and their biochemical and immunological properties were examined. Two isolates, IhlI 49632 and CBS 180.50 did not give a significant yield of mycelial mat, and the mycelial extract of ATCC 38810 was only weakly immunoreactive. In IgE immunoblots of sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide electrophoresis gels, the remaining three extracts showed strongly reactive bands at 14, 17,25,35,41,47 and 97 kDa hlW and IhlI 96220 had two additional bands at 53 and 71 kDa. These extracts had 8 to 10 bands in isoelectric focusing with pl values between 3.75 to 5.2, the two predominant bands being at 4.5 and 5.2. In crossed -radioimmunoelectrophoresis using human atopic sera, IMI 96220showed one dominant and three minor allergens; IMI 49630 and CBS 121.47 had one dominant and one minor allergen. In direct radioallergosorbent tests with human atopie sera and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis tests with mouse IgE, Ih4I 49630 and 96220 were more potent than CBS 121.47. These results indicate that mycelial extracts of IMI 49630 and 96220 contain a potent but complex mixture of the major allergens of C. herbanmi and are preferred sources for a reference standard for this organism. Clmiosporiiirn is reported to be the most common airborne fungus in temperate zones (Solomon 1978) and in many countries the species C. herbarirni is a major fungal cause of inhalent allergy and allergic asthma in man (Nielsson & Aas 1976, Tarlo et al. 1988. Aukrust and Borch (1979) identified two major allergenic components of this organism by extensive CRIE studies, but significant biochemical and immunological differences have been reported among different strains (Sward-Nordmo et al. 1984). In the present investigation, six isolates of C. herboriitn were studied with the aim of identifying suitable isolate for a reference standard of this organism. The isolates, IMI 49630, IMI 49632, IMI 96220, CBS 121.47, CBS 180.50 and ATCC 38810 were examined for their antigenic and allergenic components by the techniques of crossed-radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE) and SDS-PAGE immunoblotting. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preparation of mycelial extractsCultures of the isolates IhlI 49630. IMI 49632, IhlI 96220, CBS 121.47, CBS 180.50 and ATCC 38810 were grown on synthetic revised tobacco medium at 22°C for 4 weeks as reported earlier (Vijay et al. 1985). Dried mold pellicles that had been homogenized and defatted with acetone were extracted with 1:20 wlv Tris-buffer, pH 7.8, containing 0.15 M NaCl for 48h at 4°C. The suspension was centrifuged at 1000 g a t 4°C for 30 min, then at 30,000 g at 4°C for 20 min. The resulting supernatant was concentrated and diafiltered with water using an Amicon YM-5 membrane. The retentate was filtered through a 0.45 pm filter and lyophilized. A reference extract (RE) of C. herbanrrn was prepared from commercial mycelial material (Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden) in a similar way. Biochemical assaysProtein contents of the extracts were compared by a commercial dye-binding assay (Bio-Rad Laboratories), using bo...

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“…It is relevant to mention that most of the commercial allergen extracts available for diagnostic and treatment purposes include C. herbarum and C. cladosporoides. 15,16 Makkah is considered to be a twin city situated only 60 km from Jeddah. Population mixture is a daily routine and, in fact, more people travel from Jeddah to Makkah for pilgrimage, prayers and to spend weekends and vacations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cladosporium as an Airborne Allergen in Saudi Arabia

As²,

Harfi³

et al. 1994

Annals of Saudi Medicine

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Airborne mold monitoring in three cities in Saudi Arabia has documented the presence of Cladosporium in high concentrations. The spore counts reached threshold levels for sensitization at Jeddah and Al-Khobar with prominent seasonal variations. The concentration in Riyadh (central region) showed levels with minor fluctuations and a minor peak towards the month of November. Indoor monitoring also revealed the presence of Cladosporium. Ten species of Cladosporium were identified with C. sphaerospermum, C. herbarum, C. cladosporoides and C. macrocarpum being most prevalent. The species are relevant in relation to extracts for diagnosis. Skin testing of asthmatic children in Riyadh and Makkah revealed reactivities to Cladosporium extract of 5.8% and 31.3%, respectively. This indicates that Cladosporium may be an important allergen in the region that necessitates further biochemical and immunochemical studies to confirm the allergenic impact of the species of Cladosporium prevalent in the region. The regional prevalence of mold allergies varies considerably. In northern latitudes, 4% to 10% of atopic patients react to the common mold allergens, whereas in more southern countries, 20% to 30% mold reactivity has been reported.2 Molds are ubiquitous in nature, and the occurrence of various species of fungi in outdoor and indoor environments from many parts of the world has been reported. 3 Occurrence of some fungi in the Saudi environment has also been reported. 4,5 Cladosporium (CLD) is among frequent causes of mold allergy. 6 The amount of mold spores in the air is quite variable and related to the life cycle of local crops, foliage, dead plant particles as well as seasonal fluctuations in temperature and humidity.Case histories of patients with mold allergy may be quite variable, since other sensitivities may confuse the matter. Most of the mold sensitive patients show frequent symptoms over long periods due to continuous exposure to the allergens. To investigate mold allergy in a certain geographical region, the prevalent mold spores have to be considered. The allergen panel should then be selected based on the findings along with the patient's clinical history.For the diagnosis of mold allergy, the skin prick test is still widely used. 7 However, the reliability of this test is hampered by large variations in allergenic extract quality. This is complicated further by the presence of different species of the same mold genus. With regard to CLD, 62 species have been recognized. 8,9 Different commercial allergen manufacturers use different species. In addition, it is often experienced that mold extracts cause nonspecific skin reactions due to their content of nonallergenic skin irritating components. Positive skin tests can be confirmed by determination of specific IgE-antibodies by radioallergosorbent test (RAST). Inhalant provocation test can also be used in selected cases. However, this assay is often very cumbersome and time consuming. It has been shown that in patients with asthma induced by molds, the results o...

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Partial Purification and Characterization of Two <i>Cladosporium herbarum </i>Allergens

Cited by 73 publications

References 7 publications

Health effects of indoor-air microorganisms

Health effects of indoor-air microorganisms

Allergenic components of isolates ofcladosporium herbarum

Cladosporium as an Airborne Allergen in Saudi Arabia

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