Partial recovery of microbiomes after antibiotic treatment

Raymond, Frédéric; Déraspe, Maxime; Boissinot, Maurice; Bergeron, Michel G.; Corbeil, Jacques

doi:10.1080/19490976.2016.1216747

Cited by 52 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These observations were not surprising. Microbiota disruption has been documented in healthy dogs and humans receiving PO antibiotics . Alteration of gut microbiota is not necessarily detrimental to the host, and different microbiota compositions can be compatible with health .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term impact of tylosin on fecal microbiota and fecal bile acids of healthy dogs

Manchester

Webb

Blake

et al. 2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Tylosin is commonly prescribed to dogs with diarrhea. Orally administered antibiotics may alter the intestinal microbiota, which is responsible for crucial key bile acid (BA) biotransformation reactions.Objectives: To prospectively evaluate the impact of tylosin administration on fecal microbiota and unconjugated bile acids (UBAs) over time.Animals: Sixteen healthy adult dogs.Methods: Prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial. Dogs were randomized to receive 20 mg/kg of tylosin or a placebo capsule PO q12h for 7 days while undergoing daily fecal scoring. Fecal samples were collected on days 0, 7, 21, and 63. The microbiota was assessed using quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Unconjugated BAs were assessed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Results: Fecal scores were unchanged during placebo and tylosin administration.In the placebo group, no significant changes were observed in fecal microbiota or UBA concentrations. Day 7 samples from tylosin-exposed dogs exhibited decreased bacterial diversity (observed species, Chao1, Shannon, P < .001) characterized by decreases in anaerobes Fusobacteriaceae (linear discriminant analysis [LDA] score, 5.03) and Veillonellaceae (LDA score, 4.85). Primary UBA concentrations were increased at day 21 (median, [range]; 7.42, [0.67-18.77] μg/kg; P = .04) and day 63 (3.49 [0-28.43] μg/kg; P = .02) compared to day 0 (.14 [.03-1.19] μg/kg) in dogs receiving tylosin. At day 63, bacterial taxa were not significantly different compared to day 0, but the extent of microbial recovery was individualized.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Tylosin causes fecal dysbiosis in healthy dogs with corresponding shifts in fecal UBAs. Changes did not uniformly resolve after discontinuation of tylosin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term impact of tylosin on fecal microbiota and fecal bile acids of healthy dogs

Manchester

Webb

Blake

et al. 2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…In humans, Corbeil et al showed that a 7-day exposure to cefprozil led to a loss of metagenome-defined species. Although recovery of the gut microbiota occurred after 3 months from ATB discontinuation, important and lasting changes in the genomic content were seen, especially in participants with a low baseline gut microbiota diversity [48].…”

Section: Atb-related Dysbiosis and Impact Of Atb On Efficacy Of Immunmentioning

confidence: 98%

The negative impact of antibiotics on outcomes in cancer patients treated with immunotherapy: a new independent prognostic factor?

Elkrief

Derosa

Kroemer³

et al. 2019

Annals of Oncology

176

136

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Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) now represent the standard of care for several cancer types. In pre-clinical models, absence of an intact gut microbiome negatively impacted ICI efficacy and these findings permitted to unravel the importance of the commensal microbiota in immuno-oncology. Recently, multiple clinical studies including more than 1800 patients in aggregate demonstrated the negative predictive impact of treatments with broad-spectrum antibiotics (ATB) on cancer patients receiving ICI. Altogether, these results have led to the hypothesis that ATB-induced dysbiosis might influence the clinical response through the modulation of the gut microbiome. Controversy still remains, as ATB treatment might simply constitute a surrogate marker of unfit or immunodeficient patients. In this review, we summarize recent publications addressing the impact of the gut microbiome on ICI efficacy, discuss currently available data on the effect of ATB administered in different time-frames respect to ICI initiation, and finally, evoke the therapeutic implications of these findings.

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“…Once treatment ends, a recovery of the composition of the microbiome is observed after some time. However, recent information indicates that, although the structure of the taxonomic groups is similar three months after treatment to the one observed before antibiotic application 13 , the specific clones that re-colonize the gut are not the same as those before treatment. This means that while the overall structure of the population remains, the overall genomic content largely varies 13 .…”

Section: Multi-hierarchical Antibiotic Selection Of Bacterial Populatmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…However, recent information indicates that, although the structure of the taxonomic groups is similar three months after treatment to the one observed before antibiotic application 13 , the specific clones that re-colonize the gut are not the same as those before treatment. This means that while the overall structure of the population remains, the overall genomic content largely varies 13 . These results indicate that the effect of antibiotics on the structure of the populations will remain long after they disappear from the polluted habitat.…”

Section: Multi-hierarchical Antibiotic Selection Of Bacterial Populatmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effect of antibiotics on bacterial populations: a multi-hierarchical selection process

Martínez

2017

F1000Res

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Antibiotics have been widely used for a number of decades for human therapy and farming production. Since a high percentage of antibiotics are discharged from the human or animal body without degradation, this means that different habitats, from the human body to river water or soils, are polluted with antibiotics. In this situation, it is expected that the variable concentration of this type of microbial inhibitor present in different ecosystems may affect the structure and the productivity of the microbiota colonizing such habitats. This effect can occur at different levels, including changes in the overall structure of the population, selection of resistant organisms, or alterations in bacterial physiology. In this review, I discuss the available information on how the presence of antibiotics may alter the microbiota and the consequences of such alterations for human health and for the activity of microbiota from different habitats.

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Partial recovery of microbiomes after antibiotic treatment

Cited by 52 publications

References 20 publications

Long‐term impact of tylosin on fecal microbiota and fecal bile acids of healthy dogs

Long‐term impact of tylosin on fecal microbiota and fecal bile acids of healthy dogs

The negative impact of antibiotics on outcomes in cancer patients treated with immunotherapy: a new independent prognostic factor?

Effect of antibiotics on bacterial populations: a multi-hierarchical selection process

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