Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum Attenuates d-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Restores Gut Microbiota in Rats

Abstract

Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) has received considerable attention for its various bioactive functions. The injection of d-galactose can cause aging-related injury which is usually resulted from oxidative stress on tissues and cells. In this study, d-galactose (200 mg/kg/day) was injected into rats, and the protective effects of PHGG (500, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg/day) against oxidative damages, as well as its probiotic functions, were analyzed. The results showed that PHGG treatment at a concentration of 1500 mg/kg/day greatly reduced the levels of lactic acid, nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase, advanced glycation end products, and increased the telomerase activity, by 7.60%, 9.25%, 12.28%, 14.58%, and 9.01%, respectively. Moreover, PHGG significantly elevated the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreased the content of malondialdehyde in rat serum and brain. The oxidative damage was also significantly alleviated in the liver and hippocampus and the expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and choline acetyltransferase also increased. Furthermore, PHGG treatment could significantly regulated the expression of sirtuin 1, forkhead box O1, and tumor protein p53 in the hippocampus. It also increased the levels of organic acids and improved the composition of intestinal microbiota. These findings demonstrated that PHGG treatment could effectively alleviate the oxidative damage and dysbacteriosis.

Preventive effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in a D-galactose-induced brain aging in rats

“…BDNF-knockout mice possessed reduced numbers of cholinergic cells in the medial septum, which was associated with reduced ChAT activity and NGF expression in the hippocampus [89]. We observed decreased BDNF and NGF expressions in both the hippocampus and cortex in Dgal aging rats, which is in line with findings reported in several previous studies [90][91][92][93].…”

Antioxidant activity of selenium-enriched Chrysomyia megacephala (Fabricius) larvae powder and its impact on intestinal microflora in D-galactose induced aging mice

“…These macromolecules then undergo different degrees of oxidation, which initiates oxidative damages and ultimately leads to organ function impairment and aging [5,6]. Changes in the level of oxidative stress affect the microbial environment in the intestine and lead to intestinal flora disorder [7]. Disordered intestinal flora may affect the antioxidant activity and lipid metabolism [8].…”

Gastrodin From Gastrodia elata Enhances Cognitive Function and Neuroprotection of AD Mice via the Regulation of Gut Microbiota Composition and Inhibition of Neuron Inflammation

“…Gut dysbiosis affects intestinal integrity by promoting a leaky gut, which causes LPS to enter the blood circulation ( He et al, 2021 ). This process induces systemic inflammation, which reaches the brain and promotes neuroinflammation by activating the TLR4 signaling pathway ( Liu et al, 2019 ). In the present study, we focused on the integrity of the intestinal barrier and BBB; LPS of the plasma, cortex, and hippocampus; and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway to investigate the mechanism of action of Gas.…”