Partially Oxidized Graphene/Metallic Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes Film‐Coated Electrode for Nanomolar Detection of Dopamine

Sundramoorthy, Ashok K.; Gunasekaran, Sundaram

doi:10.1002/elan.201500047

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…However, it has been reported that under many reaction conditions, a combination of both covalent binding or chemisorption is accompanied with an increase in D band to G band intensity ratio (I D /I G ); whereas, non-covalent doping or physisorption is accompanied with the G and 2D peaks shiing as well as a decrease in their intensity ratio (I 2D /I G ) 45 (see Table 1). 29,45 Thus our results provide clear evidence that DB is attached to the graphene basal plane.…”

Section: Gnp/db Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Just like BPA, trace amounts of H 2 O 2 is also encountered in food samples 19 . However, stabilization of graphene sheets in water without a surfactant has been achieved via electrostatic stabilization 27 or partial oxidation on graphene sheets during electrochemical synthesis 29,30 . This phenomena has generally been considered an insurmountable challenge, which prevents dispersion of graphene sheets 26 in water without the aid of a dispersing agent 27,28 .…”

Section: The United States Environmentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27,28 However, stabilization of graphene sheets in water without a surfactant has been achieved via electrostatic stabilization 27 or partial oxidation on graphene sheets during electrochemical synthesis. 29,30 At the same time, there is an ever increasing interest in chemical-doped graphene with foreign atoms as an effective method to intrinsically modify the properties of the pristine host material. 31 For example, nitrogen-doping plays a critical role in regulating the electronic properties of graphene materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Azo dye functionalized graphene nanoplatelets for selective detection of bisphenol A and hydrogen peroxide

2015

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Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) have emerged as a promising electrode material for electrochemical sensing applications because of their high conductivity, large surface-to-volume ratio, biocompatibility, and low cost. However, GNP are not soluble in water. We dispersed GNP in water with the assistance of a tri-azo dye, Direct blue 71 (DB). Thin films prepared with GNP/DB dispersion were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and UV-vis spectroscopy, which indicated the binding of DB with GNP films. The GNP/DB film coated glassy carbon electrode (GCE) exhibited high electrocatalytic activity to oxidation of bisphenol A (BPA) and reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). The GNP/DB film greatly enhanced the BPA oxidation peak current at +524 mV, and the H 2 O 2 reduction peak current at -400 mV vs. Ag/AgCl in pH 7.0 phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. The oxidation peak current was proportional to BPA concentration from 10 nM to 100 nM and 100 nM to 25 µM, with a limit of detection of 1.23 nM. The GNP/DB-modified GCE also showed remarkable decrease of over-potential for the reduction of H 2 O 2 with a fast amperometric response of less than 2 s, good linear range of 10 µM to 1.9 mM, and high sensitivity of 57.6 µA/mM. The fabricated sensor shows good reproducibility and stability with limited interference. Furthermore, the sensor was successfully applied to determine BPA in spiked commercial milk and juice samples.A new electrochemical sensor is developed based on graphene nanoplatelets functionalized with tri-azo dye (Direct blue 71) for selective and highly sensitive detection of bisphenol A and hydrogen peroxide in pH 7 phosphate buffered saline solution.

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Section: Gnp/db Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: The United States Environmentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Azo dye functionalized graphene nanoplatelets for selective detection of bisphenol A and hydrogen peroxide

2015

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“…Shifts of both the D-band and G-band are signs of structural stress on carbon bonding due to the introduced heterogeneous atom , and the type of charge carriers on the surface, respectively. It has previously been reported that both nitrogen and oxygen doping of graphitic carbon lead to an increase in the Raman shift of the D-band.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalytic Activity of Functionalized Carbon Paper Electrodes and Their Correlation to the Fermi Level Derived from Raman Spectra

Singh

Yasri

Karan

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Carbon paper electrodes are employed for different electrochemical applications such as flow batteries and fuel cells. However, redox reactions such as VO2+/VO2 + in a vanadium redox flow battery have been found to possess relatively slow kinetics, resulting in significant activation losses during operation. In this work, we demonstrate a facile and scalable method for nitrogen doping of carbon paper electrodes, leading to superior electrocatalytic activity. The effects of pyrolytic pretreatments under different conditions on the performance of carbon paper were also studied to elucidate their electrocatalytic activity from a material physics perspective, using Raman spectroscopy. The 2D Raman signature, a specific feature of the carbon structures, was employed to understand the effect of different pretreatments on the Fermi level of the carbon papers, which could help us elucidate their intrinsic electron transfer kinetics. The full wave half-maximum of the 2D Raman band and the intensity ratio I 2D/I G were used to indicate changes in the Fermi level relative to the untreated carbon paper, and hence the electrocatalytic properties, which were confirmed using voltammetric techniques. Although heating of carbon paper in air at around 500 °C (a widely used method for activating carbon paper electrodes) increases the surface area by about 16 times compared to untreated and nitrogen-doped carbon paper, the latter exhibits superior electrocatalytic property for VO2+/VO2 +, [Fe(CN)6]3–/4–, and the oxygen reduction reaction. This study provides greater physical insights into different pretreatments in terms of the energy barrier at the interface, which will aid the pursuit for better carbon-based electrode materials and provide mechanistic details about charge transfer processes at the interface.

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“…Graphene is a two‐dimensional nanomaterial of sp 2 ‐bonded carbon with exceptional electrical 10, chemical 11, mechanical 12, and thermal properties 13. Until now, graphene has obtained numerous potential applications, including sensors 14–16, transparent electrodes for optoelectronics 17, and biomedical applications 18. Among various types of preparation methods for graphene such as epitaxial growth 19, chemical vapor deposition 20, chemical oxidation exfoliation 21, solvent exfoliation has obtained considerable attention due to its convenient and gentle synthesis process 21–25.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Sensitive and Simultaneous Detection of Hydroquinone and Catechol Using Poly(mercaptoacetic acid)/Exfoliated Graphene Composite Film‐modified Electrode

Tan

Shi

et al. 2015

Electroanalysis

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Graphene nanosheets were facilely prepared through one‐step liquid‐phase exfoliation of graphite powder in N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) with the assistance of sodium citrate, and then employed to modify the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) via solvent evaporation. Subsequently, mercaptoacetic acid (MA) was electrodeposited onto the surface of exfoliated graphene‐modified GCE (EG/GCE) to construct a composite film‐modified electrode (pMA/EG/GCE). The electrochemical behaviors of hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CC) were studied. It was found that the oxidation peak currents of HQ and CC increased obviously on the surface of EG/GCE and pMA/GCE, compared with those on bare GCE. However, the oxidation signals of HQ and CC further enhanced greatly on the surface of pMA/EG/GCE, showing strong synergetic enhancement effects. As a result, a highly sensitive electrochemical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of HQ and CC. The linear range was from 0.1 to 100 μmol L−1, and the detection limits were 85 and 80 nmol L−1 for HQ and CC (S/N=3).

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Partially Oxidized Graphene/Metallic Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes Film‐Coated Electrode for Nanomolar Detection of Dopamine

Cited by 19 publications

References 36 publications

Azo dye functionalized graphene nanoplatelets for selective detection of bisphenol A and hydrogen peroxide

Azo dye functionalized graphene nanoplatelets for selective detection of bisphenol A and hydrogen peroxide

Electrocatalytic Activity of Functionalized Carbon Paper Electrodes and Their Correlation to the Fermi Level Derived from Raman Spectra

Highly Sensitive and Simultaneous Detection of Hydroquinone and Catechol Using Poly(mercaptoacetic acid)/Exfoliated Graphene Composite Film‐modified Electrode

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