Participation of Somatic Stem Cells, Labeled by a Unique Antibody (A3) Recognizing Both N-glycan and Peptide, to Hair Follicle Cycle and Cutaneous Wound Healing in Rats

Abstract

A monoclonal antibody (A3) was generated by using rat malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) cells as the antigen. Generally, MFH is considered to be a sarcoma derived from undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. Molecular biological analyses using the lysate of rat MFH cells revealed that A3 is a conformation specific antibody recognizing both N-glycan and peptide. A3-labeled cells in bone marrow were regarded as somatic stem cells, because the cells partly coexpressed CD90 and CD105 (both immature mesenchymal markers). In the hair follicle cycle, particularly the anagen, the immature epithelial cells (suprabasal cells) near the bulge and some immature mesenchymal cells in the disassembling dermal papilla and regenerating connective tissue sheath/hair papilla reacted to A3. In the cutaneous wound-healing process, A3-labeled epithelial cells participated in re-epithelialization in the wound bed, and apparently, the labeled cells were derived from the hair bulge; in addition, A3-labeled immature mesenchymal cells in the connective tissue sheath of hair follicles at the wound edge showed the expansion of the A3 immunolabeling. A3-labeled immature epithelial and mesenchymal cells contributed to morphogenesis in the hair cycle and tissue repair after a cutaneous wound. A3 could become a unique antibody to identify somatic stem cells capable of differentiating both epithelial and mesenchymal cells in rat tissues.

A Quantitative Assessment of Wound Healing With Oxygenated Micro/Nanobubbles in a Preclinical Burn Model

“…In areas of reepithelialization, the distances between the epidermal-dermal junction and stratum corneum junction were measured at multiple evenly spaced points (5/cross-section) in a high-power view to determine epidermal thickness. Increased epidermal thickness has been used as a metric related to scar formation and the early remodeling phase of wound healing, whereas thinner epidermis has been indicative of the later remodeling phase or lack of hypertrophic scarring 31–33 …”

“…Increased epidermal thickness has been used as a metric related to scar formation and the early remodeling phase of wound healing, whereas thinner epidermis has been indicative of the later remodeling phase or lack of hypertrophic scarring. [31][32][33]…”

Stem cell pathology: histogenesis of malignant fibrous histiocytoma and characterization of myofibroblasts appearing in fibrotic lesions

“…Immunohistochemically, A3 reacted specifically to rat MFH cells, but did not react to other types of tumors in rats [ 44 , 92 ]. A3 is a conformation-specific antibody recognizing both N -glycan and peptide [ 39 ]. The carbohydrate chain is changed during cellular development from ES cells as a landmark for cell differentiation [ 24 ].…”

“…The bulge of hair follicle contains epithelial stem cells which can be activated at the anagen to generate a new hair follicle [ 18 , 31 , 89 ] and the mesenchymal cells in the CTS possess the nature of stromal stem cells [ 33 ]. Immunohistochemically, A3 labeled both epithelial cells of the bulge and mesenchymal cells in the CTS [ 39 ]. The cells in the bulge are regarded as somatic stem cells with potential epithelial differentiation [ 40 ].…”

Healing Mechanisms in Cutaneous Wounds: Tipping the Balance

“… 74 , 86 As the wound contracts, keratinocytes from the surrounding tissue and stem cells from the interfollicular epidermis and hair follicles migrate across the wound bed between the granulation tissue and the fibrin clot, epithelializing the wound. 81 , 87–91 …”