Participatory plant breeding and organic agriculture: A synergistic model for organic variety development in the United States

Shelton, Adrienne C.; Tracy, William F.

doi:10.12952/journal.elementa.000143

Cited by 22 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Among those, the majority were from USA, UK, and Italy. The interest in PPB in these countries could be associated with the fact that PPB is mainly implemented in organic agriculture (Shelton and Tracy, 2016), which is rapidly expanding. In the case of USA, the interest in PPB could also be associated with a less rigid seed system as compared to Europe.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory plant breeding: Who did it, who does it and where?

Ceccarelli¹,

Grando

2019

Ex. Agric.

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The paper provides an overview of institutions, scientists, and practitioners involved over the years in the various ways in which participatory plant breeding (PPB) is implemented, with indication of the crops involved and the countries in which it took place, or is still taking place. This might help creating a better awareness of the scope (both geographical and crop wise) of the different methodologies as well as of their advantages, disadvantages, applicability, and limitations. Through a literature survey, we found 254 publications showing that over a period of 36 years participatory approaches in plant breeding have been used in 69 countries (10 developed and 59 developing) with 47 crops including self-pollinated, cross-pollinated, and vegetatively propagated crops, by several Institutions including CGIAR centers, universities, and NGOs. We argue that there are no obvious scientific or technical reasons limiting the use of PPB, and we interpret the limited institutionalization as a difficulty to accept the paradigm shift that participation implies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory plant breeding: Who did it, who does it and where?

Ceccarelli¹,

Grando

2019

Ex. Agric.

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“…PPB accomplishes this by taking advantage of G x E interaction, and selecting varieties directly in the environment of their intended use in order to achieve superior performance. Farmer participation is a crucial aspect of the methodology, as the farmer is best equipped to recognize the agronomic and quality traits that will enable the variety to be productive in his or her system (Shelton et al, 2016). The present investigation was undertaken to generate baseline information about the farmer's production constraints, varietal preferences and livelihood opportunities associated with common bean in North Kashmir.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory rural appraisal and farmers’ perception about common bean varieties in temperate Kashmir

Sheikh¹,

Sofi²,

Khan³

et al. 2017

JANS

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Present investigation was undertaken during 2012 to 2014 in which 54 genotypes, both pole and bush type of Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) were selected among a number of germplasm lines, land races and research material in order to generate information on the farmer’s’ perception about the Common bean varieties. Participatory rural appraisal was conducted in 32 villages of Kashmir through a broad questionnaires comprising of questions pertaining to the socio-economic conditions, farming systems, production constraints and varietal preferences of the common bean. The Participatory Rural Appraisal results revealed that common bean is generally grown as a rainfed crop (70 %) and is intercropped with maize/ potato/vegetable and merely as sole crop (20.66 %). Low yielding varieties and diseases (68.27 %) are considered as major challenges in the success of common bean crop, while as red colour with kidney shaped types (50 %) are highly being preferred as a pulse crop. The exercise of Participatory Rural Appraisal was carried out to generate basic information by assessing the need based constraints and devise the target breeding approach, by taking into consideration all constraints and also devise future breeding programme. A successful PRA provides the information needed to specify the characteristic in a new variety regarding its physical environment and the existing varietal diversity. For a breeding program, well applied Participatory Rural Appraisal techniques or customer profiling results in better client orientation and makes possible efficient goal setting or product design. Successful PRA provides everything that could be included in the full design specification of a new crop variety.

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“…Therefore, it is imperative to counteract with drastic increases in yield until the year 2050 7,11 . As the genetic material used in organic farming is either derived from old varieties or varieties developed for conventional farming 12 , the yield gap might be reduced by the development of organically adapted varieties 13 . However, conventionally adapted germplasm seems unsuitable for use as a single source of variation to achieve this goal 13,14 .…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic farming - Deep genotyping reveals specific selection footprints in barley populations

Schneider

Barbosa

Ballvora

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Organic farming has the potential to tackle the imminent task of sustainable food production, if the yields could be raised. Here, the benefits of additional exotic alleles, the necessity of increased genetic heterogeneity in organically farmed systems and the buffering capacities by the pronounced plasticity of root traits are demonstrated. Two barley populations, naturally adapted for more than two decades to organic and conventional farming systems, were compared by a novel strategy of whole genome resequencing of pooled samples. Substantial allele frequency deviations between the farming systems were uncovered (for various agronomically relevant chromosomal regions) by testing multiple generations. In contrast to the organic adapted population, an early equilibrium in the conventional population was observed, accompanied reduced genetic diversity. Differences between the populations were revealed in root morphology, developmental processes and abiotic stress responses. These findings indicate that wild genetic resources play a critical role in the development of organically adapted varieties and distinct variations in ecosystems demand different genetic compositions.

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Participatory plant breeding and organic agriculture: A synergistic model for organic variety development in the United States

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

Participatory plant breeding: Who did it, who does it and where?

Participatory plant breeding: Who did it, who does it and where?

Participatory rural appraisal and farmers’ perception about common bean varieties in temperate Kashmir

Organic farming - Deep genotyping reveals specific selection footprints in barley populations

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