Particle-Based Microfluidic Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) Biosensing Utilizing Mass Amplification and Magnetic Bead Convection

Thies, Jan-W.; Thürmann, Bettina; Vierheller, Anke; Dietzel, Andreas

doi:10.3390/mi9040194

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, the problem of reducing the limit of detection in biosensors (which is still largely based on trial and error) requires finding the optimal acoustic amplification using nonadsorbed discrete particles. QCM sensors use acoustic enhancers such as magnetic beads [25,26], gold nanoparticles [10][11][12][13], and, recently, liposomes [27] with sizes ranging from 10 to 100 nm, which are often suspended in the liquid up to tens of nanometers away from the sensor surface. Theoretical understanding of such systems requires a detailed hydrodynamic analysis of the threedimensional unstationary flow patterns resulting from the propagation of fluid-induced forces acting on the analytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamics of Quartz-Crystal-Microbalance DNA Sensors Based on Liposome Amplifiers

et al. 2020

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The quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM) has become an important technique for the detection of biomolecules and their interactions. Acoustic sensing of DNA requires hybridizing the oligonucleotide chain with a nanoparticle that acts as an acoustic amplifier. In this device, the amplifier remains suspended in the liquid, nanometers away from the surface. The hydrodynamics of nonadsorbed nanoparticles in QCM sensing devices has, however, been overlooked in the literature. Here, we show that the acoustic response (shifts in frequency, f , and dissipation, D) of the amplifier-target complex is determined by the hydrodynamic wall stress. Our study focuses on an alternative type of DNA sensor based on liposome-DNA complexes and provides a theoretical analysis backed up by experiments with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes. The target DNA strands are attached on one side to surface-adsorbed neutravidin through a biotin linker, while the other side is anchored to a liposome acting as an amplifier. A range of liposome radii and double-stranded-DNA contour lengths are studied, covering sizes up to the wave penetration depth (δ ∼ 100 nm). Simulations, based on the immersed boundary method and an elastic-network model, are in excellent agreement with the experiments. We derive an analytical expression for the acoustic impedance, which reflects strong signal amplification as the liposome gets closer to the wall. This enhancement is due to hydrodynamic reflection: the ambient flow induces a stress on the liposome surface, which propagates back to the resonator. For this reason, acoustic signals are extremely sensitive to the distribution of the liposome-wall distance (which we determine from the mechanical properties of double-stranded-DNA chains). Our approach helps in deciphering the role of hydrodynamics in acoustic sensing and reveals the role of parameters hitherto largely unexplored. A practical consequence may be improvements in the design of biosensors and detection schemes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamics of Quartz-Crystal-Microbalance DNA Sensors Based on Liposome Amplifiers

et al. 2020

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Section: Diagnostic Tests Of Sars-cov-2 Based On Nanomaterials and 2d...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the amount of the target bound to the QCM surface can be quantified using the frequency shift. To detect several biomarkers or analytes, QCM-based sensors can be integrated with a microfluidic device where each well is differentially functionalized with bioreceptors specific for each target …”

Section: Diagnostic Tests Of Sars-cov-2 Based On Nanomaterials and 2d...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To detect several biomarkers or analytes, QCM-based sensors can be integrated with a microfluidic device where each well is differentially functionalized with bioreceptors specific for each target. 179 Apart from QCM-based sensors, chemiresistor has been used as a sensing platform. Chemiresistors are mainly composed of a substrate, contact electrodes, and the detection area, which responds to the target analyte.…”

Section: Diagnostic Tests Of Sars-cov-2 Based On Nanomaterials and 2d...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic Approaches For COVID-19: Lessons Learned and the Path Forward

Alafeef

Pan

2022

ACS Nano

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a transmitted respiratory disease caused by the infection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although humankind has experienced several outbreaks of infectious diseases, the COVID-19 pandemic has the highest rate of infection and has had high levels of social and economic repercussions. The current COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the limitations of existing virological tests, which have failed to be adopted at a rate to properly slow the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2. Pandemic preparedness has developed as a focus of many governments around the world in the event of a future outbreak. Despite the largely widespread availability of vaccines, the importance of testing has not diminished to monitor the evolution of the virus and the resulting stages of the pandemic. Therefore, developing diagnostic technology that serves as a line of defense has become imperative. In particular, that test should satisfy three criteria to be widely adopted: simplicity, economic feasibility, and accessibility. At the heart of it all, it must enable early diagnosis in the course of infection to reduce spread. However, diagnostic manufacturers need guidance on the optimal characteristics of a virological test to ensure pandemic preparedness and to aid in the effective treatment of viral infections. Nanomaterials are a decisive element in developing COVID-19 diagnostic kits as well as a key contributor to enhance the performance of existing tests. Our objective is to develop a profile of the criteria that should be available in a platform as the target product. In this work, virus detection tests were evaluated from the perspective of the COVID-19 pandemic, and then we generalized the requirements to develop a target product profile for a platform for virus detection.

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“…In combination with microfluidics, new, very sensitive detection technologies have been realized for POC diagnostics [6,7]. Miniaturization enables cheaper disposables, a decrease of the needed sample volume, and shorter process times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Smartphone Assisted Biosensing Based on Asymmetric Nanofluidic Grating Interferometry

Purr

Eckardt

Kieserling

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Point-of-care systems enable fast therapy decisions on site without the need of any healthcare infrastructure. In addition to the sensitive detection, stable measurement by inexperienced persons outside of laboratory facilities is indispensable. A particular challenge in field applications is to reduce interference from environmental factors, such as temperature, to acceptable levels without sacrificing simplicity. Here, we present a smartphone-based point-of-care sensor. The method uses an optofluidic grating composed of alternating detection and reference channels arranged as a reflective phase grating. Biomolecules adsorbing to the detection channel alter the optical path length, while the parallel reference channels enable a direct common mode rejection within a single measurement. The optical setup is integrated in a compact design of a mobile readout device and the usability is ensured by a smartphone application. Our results show that different ambient temperatures do not have any influence on the signal. In a proof-of concept experiment we measured the accumulation of specific molecules in functionalized detection channels in real-time and without the need of any labeling. Therefore, the channel walls have been modified with biotin as capture molecules and the specific binding of streptavidin was detected. A mobile, reliable and robust point-of-care device has been realized by combining an inherently differential measurement concept with a smartphone-based, mobile readout device.

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Particle-Based Microfluidic Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) Biosensing Utilizing Mass Amplification and Magnetic Bead Convection

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Hydrodynamics of Quartz-Crystal-Microbalance DNA Sensors Based on Liposome Amplifiers

Hydrodynamics of Quartz-Crystal-Microbalance DNA Sensors Based on Liposome Amplifiers

Diagnostic Approaches For COVID-19: Lessons Learned and the Path Forward

Robust Smartphone Assisted Biosensing Based on Asymmetric Nanofluidic Grating Interferometry

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