Particle production, transport, and identification in the regime of 1−7  GeV/c

Abstract

The recently constructed H4-VLE beam line, a tertiary extension branch of the existing H4 beam line in the CERN North Area, was commissioned in October 2018. The beam line was designed with the purpose of providing very low energy (VLE) hadrons and positrons to the NP-04 experiment, in the momentum range of 1-7 GeV=c. The production of these low-energy particles is achieved with a mixed hadron (pions, kaons, protons), 80 GeV=c secondary beam impinging on a thick target. The H4-VLE beam line has been instrumented with prototype scintillating fiber detectors providing the beam profile, intensity, and time-offlight measurement of the beam particles, that, together with Cherenkov threshold counters, permit an event-by-event particle identification over the entire momentum spectrum. In this paper, we present detailed results of the beam line performance and the measured beam composition, as well as the comparison of these measurements with simulations performed during the design phase using FLUKA and GEANT-4-based Monte-Carlo codes.

First calorimetric energy reconstruction of beam events with ARAPUCA light detector in protoDUNE-SP

“…The H4-VLE beam line then accepts, momentum-selects and transports these particles to the ProtoDUNE-SP detector. The beam line is equipped with profile monitors, able to provide a measurement of each particle's momentum, trigger counters, able to determine a timeof-flight (TOF) with a total resolution of ∼900 ps on a distance of 28.575 m, and two threshold Cherenkov counters, one able to sustain a high-pressure radiator gas (HP), up to 15 bar and a second one able to sustain gases with lower pressures (LP), up to 5 bar [4]. The spectrometer resolution has been extrapolated from MonteCarlo simulation [5], a value of ∆p/p 2.5% has been determined assuming no material in the beam line for a central momentum of 12 GeV/c and position resolutions of 0.5 mm.…”

Design and Diagnostics of High-Precision Accelerator Neutrino Beams

“…These techniques are discussed, for example, in Refs. [127,128]. After the momentum selection stage, it is usual to recombine the dispersed rays so that the particles exiting the momentum selection have, at first-order, trajectories independent of their momentum within the accepted momentum band.…”

Construction, installation and operation of ProtoDUNE-SP

“…The construction of ProtoDUNE-SP started in September 2016 with the construction of the cryostat. In August 2018 the detector started to acquire data from a tagged particle beam, the H4 VLE [2]. After two months of beam data, the operation of ProtoDUNE-SP continued for about two years, recording cosmic ray events which allowed to extensively test the hardware and perform additional R&D.…”