Particle-scale study of coke combustion in the raceway of an ironmaking blast furnace

Dianyu, E; Zhou, Peng; Guo, Suya; Jia, Zeng; Xu, Qiang; Guo, Liejin; Hou, Qinfu; Yu, Aibing

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122490

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In a blast furnace, the formation of the raceway is directly related to coke combustion. Basically, for modeling the combustion of the coke, it is necessary to predict the transport of the chemical species and to use a combustion model for the coke for predicting the transfers of mass and of enthalpy (see example [18,40]). In the present study, the focus is on the mechanistic aspects through hydrodynamics and inter-particle contacts.…”

Section: Coke Consumption Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Refs. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] investigate the raceway formation accounting for the combustion in the raceway and the heat transfers in addition to the fluid-solid flows. These authors obtained satisfactory results about the combustion behaviors and the CO and CO2 composition as a function of the tuyere distance, which is a classical measure in a real blast furnace.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical Analysis of the Forces Involved in a Pilot-Scale Blast Furnace Raceway Formation by Means of CFD/DEM Simulations

Romano,

Izard,

Fede

2024

Processes

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The CFD/DEM approach was used for investigating the forces playing a role in a furnace raceway formation and stability. The configuration is an actual pilot-scale hot blast furnace filled only with coke particles. In such a system, the raceway was unstable, with successively a growing phase and a collapse. The CFD/DEM numerical simulations were coupled with a core-shrinking model to mimic coke particle combustion. However, the kinetic reactions and heat transfers were not numerically predicted. Instead, the characteristic combustion timescale of one coke particle was imposed, and the combustion zone was adjusted to match the global combustion measured in the pilot-scale experiment. The results showed that the standard contact model was not enough to resist the pressure exerted by the granular weight on the raceway. However, the addition of a cohesive force, through the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) model, allowed the qualitative reproduction of the gas pressure fluctuations and the collapse cycles in accordance with the experiment. A sensitivity analysis of the flow rate showed that CFD/DEM is able to reproduce quantitatively the time between two collapses, as observed in the experiment. Predicted raceway size and shapes are also in agreement with the experimental observations in the range of investigated parameters.

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Section: Coke Consumption Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Analysis of the Forces Involved in a Pilot-Scale Blast Furnace Raceway Formation by Means of CFD/DEM Simulations

Romano,

Izard,

Fede

2024

Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They constructed three-dimensional models and delved deeply into how blast parameters, PCI rate, and oxygen enrichment rate in the tuyere area positively influence combustion within the raceway. Dianyu et al [5] employed a multi-scale approach, combining CFD and EDM, based on granular-level reaction flows in the blast furnace, to study the internal evolution of the blast furnace raceway. Straka et al [6] predicted the shape of the raceway under the different blast parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Method for Image-Based Interpretation of the Pulverized Coal Cloud in the Blast Furnace Tuyeres

Zhou,

Saxén,

Mattila

et al. 2024

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The conditions in the combustion zones, i.e., the raceways, are crucial for the operation of the blast furnace. In recent years, advancements in tuyere cameras and image processing and interpretation techniques have provided a better means by which to obtain information from this region of the furnace. In this study, a comprehensive approach is proposed to visually monitor the status of the pulverized coal cloud at the tuyeres based on a carefully designed processing strategy. Firstly, tuyere images are preprocessed to remove noise and enhance image quality, applying the adaptive Otsu algorithm to detect the edges of the coal cloud, enabling precise delineation of the pulverized coal region. Next, a Swin–Unet model, which combines the strengths of Swin Transformer and U-Net architecture, is employed for accurate segmentation of the coal cloud area. The extracted pulverized coal cloud features are analyzed using RGB super-pixel weighting, which takes into account the variations in color within the cloud region. It is demonstrated that the pulverized coal injection rate shows a correlation with the state of the cloud detected based on the images. The effectiveness of this visual monitoring method is validated using real-world data obtained from a blast furnace of SSAB Europe. The experimental results align with earlier research findings and practical operational experience.

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Cohesive particle–fluid systems: An overview of their CFD simulation

Marchelli,

Fiori,

Di Felice

2024

Can J Chem Eng

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Solid particles may experience different kinds of cohesive forces, which cause them to form agglomerates and affect their flow in multiphase systems. When such systems are simulated through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) programs, appropriate modelling tools must be included to reproduce this feature. In this review, these strategies are addressed for various systems and scales. After an introduction of the different forces (van der Waals, electrostatic, liquid bridge forces, etc.), the modelling approaches are categorized under three methodologies. For diluted slurries of very fine particles, many researchers succeeded with pseudo‐single phase approaches, employing a model for the non‐Newtonian rheology. This was especially popular for sludges in anaerobic digestions or certain types of soils. In other cases, continuum‐based approaches seem to be more adequate, including cohesiveness in the kinetic theory of granular flows or the restitution coefficient. Geldart‐A particles experiencing van der Waals forces are the primary focus of such studies. Finally, when each particle is modelled as a discrete element, the cohesive force can be directly specified; this is especially widespread for the wet fluidization case. For each of these approaches, a general overview of the main strategies, achievements, and limits is provided.

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Particle-scale study of coke combustion in the raceway of an ironmaking blast furnace

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Mechanical Analysis of the Forces Involved in a Pilot-Scale Blast Furnace Raceway Formation by Means of CFD/DEM Simulations

Mechanical Analysis of the Forces Involved in a Pilot-Scale Blast Furnace Raceway Formation by Means of CFD/DEM Simulations

A Method for Image-Based Interpretation of the Pulverized Coal Cloud in the Blast Furnace Tuyeres

Cohesive particle–fluid systems: An overview of their CFD simulation

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