Particle Simulations of Growth: Application to Tumorigenesis

Modeling and simulation of biological systems from image data

“…This can be done using a variety of methods 57, including triangulated surfaces 58, pixel/voxel sets 59, and implicit surface representations such as level sets 60 or phase fields 61. Level-set methods are well suited for simulating moving and deforming geometries 6, 62, 63.…”

“…This is because the curvature of the surface needs to be explicitly accounted for, which often requires that it first be computed or numerically approximated. If the surface additionally moves or deforms over time, possibly in function of the local concentration of the substances diffusing on it, the problem gets even more complicated 62, 63. In the ER FRAP example 11, the geometry of the ER was represented as a level set 64, and the method has also been extended to simulating diffusion in the ER membrane 12.…”