Particulate Air Pollutants and Respiratory Diseases

Jang, An‐Soo

doi:10.5772/51363

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 102 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This was contrary to the expected trend since respiratory disorders are usually more prevalent in urban communities due to increased exposure to transport and industrial atmospheric pollution emissions compared to rural areas (Jang, 2012;Gartner et al, 2008;O'Reilly et al, 2007;Iversen et al, 2005). Smoking is also a main cause of respiratory disease; however, in Mexico, the frequency of smoking is greater in urban (38.8%) compared to rural (23.7%) populations (CONADIC, 2008) (Hodzic et al, 2012;Li et al, 2012;Kodros et al, 2016).…”

Section: Respiratory Disease In Huejutla and Surrounding Areasmentioning

confidence: 93%

Uncontrolled burning of solid waste by households in Mexico is a significant contributor to climate change in the country

Reyna-Bensusan

Wilson

Smith

2018

Environmental Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Uncontrolled burning of municipal solid waste (MSW) is an important source of air pollution and is wide spread in many developing countries, but only limited data quantify the extent of domestic open burning of household waste. Here, we present some of the first field data to be reported on the uncontrolled domestic burning of waste. A representative community of Mexico (Huejutla de Reyes Municipality) was investigated and household surveys, interviews with waste operators and a waste characterisation analysis were completed to assess the extent of, and factors controlling, the open burning of waste. Waste collection provision to rural communities was very limited and, consequently 92% of households in rural areas reported that they disposed of waste by uncontrolled burning in backyards or unofficial dumps. Overall, 24% of the total MSW generated in the Municipality was disposed by uncontrolled burning. Urban and periurban areas received twice-weekly collections and the rate of uncontrolled burning was considerably smaller compared to rural households, corresponding to approximately 2% of total waste generation. Carbon equivalency calculations showed that burning waste in backyards represented approximately 6% of the total and 8.5% of fuel related COEq emissions by the municipality. Moreover, the equivalent carbon dioxide (COEq) from black carbon (BC) emitted by uncontrolled burning in backyards was over fifteen times larger compared to methane (CH) potentially released from equivalent amounts of combustible biodegradable waste disposal at the official dumpsite. An assessment of local respiratory health data showed the incidence of disease was higher in rural than in urban areas, when the opposite trend is typically observed in the international literature; given the high rate of burning activity found in rural areas we suggest that open burning of waste could be a major reason for the apparent poorer respiratory health status of the rural population and requires further investigation. The results emphasise the importance of including BC from uncontrolled burning of waste in international emission inventories of greenhouse gases and in the assessment of the health status of local communities in developing countries where this practice is prevalent.

show abstract

Section: Respiratory Disease In Huejutla and Surrounding Areasmentioning

confidence: 93%

Uncontrolled burning of solid waste by households in Mexico is a significant contributor to climate change in the country

Reyna-Bensusan

Wilson

Smith

2018

Environmental Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In terms of mechanistic associations, PM 2.5 induces the release of inflammatory cytokines and the generation of free radicals, which may lead to oxidative stress, exacerbating some respiratory symptoms. 32 NO 2 -induced effects in the lung involve direct as well as free-radical-mediated oxidation of biomolecules, resulting in damage to the membrane structures, disruption of cellular metabolism and cell damage or death 33 . Potential mechanisms by which PM 2.5 is associated with cardiovascular events include the activation by particulate matter of inflammatory pathways, production of reactive oxygen species, alterations in vascular tone, and decreased heart rate variability (a marker of cardiac autonomic dysfunction) 34 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a Hispanic Health Paradox in sensitivity to air pollution? Hospital admissions for asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure associated with NO 2 and PM 2.5 in El Paso, TX, 2005–2010

Grineski

Herrera

Staniswalis

2015

Atmospheric Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Study Objective Linkages between pollution and morbidity have been observed in numerous studies. But race/ethnicity has been underemphasized as a modifier of that association, and few studies have tested for a Hispanic Health Paradox in sensitivity to air pollution. Methods Daily asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and congestive heart failure (CHF) hospital admissions in El Paso, Texas were studied in age groups and insurance groups. Daily PM2.5 and NO2 were calculated from pollution monitors and all models adjusted for apparent temperature and wind speed. Conditional logistic regression for the case-crossover design was used for a between-group comparison and for a within-group comparison for Hispanics. Results Hispanics were at lower risk than non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanics of other races for NO2-associated admissions, but at greater risk for PM2.5-associated admissions. While Hispanics were generally protected with regards to NO2, Hispanic children (vs. elderly) faced increased risk for asthma and uninsured Hispanics (vs. Private) faced increased risk for COPD admissions. While Hispanics were at increased risk of PM2.5-associated admissions, certain characteristics heightened their risks: being a Hispanic child (vs. Elderly) for asthma; being a Hispanic with Medicare (vs. Private) for asthma; and being a Hispanic with private insurance (vs. all other insurance types) for CHF. The main effect of pollution on admissions was more significant for asthma and CHF than for COPD, which had the fewest cases. Conclusions There was heterogeneity in sensitivity to air pollution based on social characteristics and moderate evidence for a Hispanic Health Paradox in sensitivity to NO2.

show abstract

“…There is now a wealth of evidence linking exposure to outdoor and indoor air pollution, especially airborne PMs, to adverse effects on allergic diseases, where PM's surface materials may target immune regulatory and pulmonary resident cells. 22,23 Several reviews have discussed the potential mechanisms of each individual component associated with PMs; for example, the functional impact of air pollutant gases such as O 3 , NO2, and CO has been extensively studied and several recent reviews 24,25 have proposed a series of mechanistic events resulting from PM exposure; their surface chemical and metal components have been used to establish the exposure-disease mechanistic relationship and explain the relationship between particulate air pollutants and allergic diseases. This study showed that levels of atmospheric pollutants O 3 , SO 2 , and PM10 increased by 10 μg/m 3 , the number of patient visits would increased by 1.95%, 1.19% and 0.33%, respectively ( Table 3, Figure 3), suggesting that air pollution might increase risk of AR onset.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between environmental factors and hospital visits among allergic patients: A retrospective study

Chen

Peng²,

He³

et al. 2015

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Particulate Air Pollutants and Respiratory Diseases

Cited by 19 publications

References 102 publications

Uncontrolled burning of solid waste by households in Mexico is a significant contributor to climate change in the country

Uncontrolled burning of solid waste by households in Mexico is a significant contributor to climate change in the country

Is there a Hispanic Health Paradox in sensitivity to air pollution? Hospital admissions for asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure associated with NO 2 and PM 2.5 in El Paso, TX, 2005–2010

Association between environmental factors and hospital visits among allergic patients: A retrospective study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About