Partitioning of Holocene kinematics and interaction between the Theistareykir Fissure Swarm and the Husavik-Flatey Fault, North Iceland

Tibaldi, Alessandro; Bonali, Fabio Luca; Einarsson, Páll; Hjartardóttir, Ásta Rut; Mariotto, Federico Pasquaré

doi:10.1016/j.jsg.2016.01.003

Cited by 37 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…These faults affect the same lavas dated at 14.5 ka BP, which have the same horizontal attitude, and thus the offsets and geometry of the faults can be directly compared with each other. The offsets measured systematically by Tibaldi et al (2016) indicate that the faults located north of the possible prolongation of the HFF have smaller offsets than those located to the south ( Figure 5). The same authors also discovered that the faults of the TFS change their geometry along a strip corresponding to the possible prolongation of the HFF toward the south-east (Figure 6).…”

Section: The Theystareykir Fissure Swarm (Tfs)mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Each of these systems consists of 5-20 km-wide and 60-100 kmlong swarms of normal faults, eruptive and tension fractures ( Figure 2C), and a main volcano (Saemundsson, 1974). Most research efforts focused on the Krafla system (e.g., Angelier et al, 1997;Acocella et al, 2000;Hjartardóttir et al, 2015), whereas the structures of the TFS were studied only recently in detail by Pasquarè Mariotto et al (2015), Tibaldi et al (2016), and regionally by Hjartardóttir et al (2015).…”

Section: Geologic-tectonic Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As far as faults are concerned, Tibaldi et al (2016) recognized 10 fault zones in the study area (Figure 2). The westernmost structure is the GF, which is 5.7 km long and whose strike is mainly N00-10 • but in detail it ranges between N350 and N20 • .…”

Section: The Theystareykir Fissure Swarm (Tfs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to previous research, the surface expression of the HFF ends at the junction with the westernmost normal fault of the TFS, known as Gudfinnugja Fault (GF; Gudmundsson et al, 1993;Magnúsdóttir and Brandsdóttir, 2011). More recently, a possible subsurface prolongation of the HFF toward the southeast has been proposed, on the basis of earthquake and fracture distribution near the Krafla fissure swarm (Hjartardóttir et al, 2012) and of the geometric and kinematic characteristics of the fractures within the TFS (Tibaldi et al, 2016). The structural complexity of the TFS-HFF junction area is compensated by ideal geological and morphological settings: the area is completely flat, hence possible disturbances such as topographic effects on the geometry and kinematics of the structures can be ruled out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We identified four sub-areas delimited by the intersection between the two major faults, the HFF and the GF (Tibaldi et al, 2016). As illustrated in Figure 2, the sub-areas are, respectively, located: (i) north of the HFF and west of the GF (NW block); (ii) south of the HFF and west of the GF (SW block); (iii) north of the prolongation of the HFF and east of the GF (NE block); (iv) south of the prolongation of the HFF and east of the GF (SE block).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction between Transform Faults and Rift Systems: A Combined Field and Experimental Approach

2016

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We present a detailed field structural survey of the area of interaction between the active NW-striking transform Husavik-Flatey Fault (HFF) and the N-S Theystareykir Fissure Swarm (TFS), in North Iceland, integrated by analog scaled models. Field data contribute to a better understanding of how transform faults work, at a much higher detail than classical marine geophysical studies. Analog experiments are conducted to analyse the fracture patterns resulting from different possible cases where transform faulting accompanies or postpones the rift motions. Different tectonic block configurations are also considered and results are compared with field data in order to study as thoroughly as possible the interaction between the HFF and the TFS as well as the possible prolongation of the HFF into the TFS. West of the intersection between the transform fault (HFF) and the rift zone (TFS), the former splays with a gradual bending giving rise to a leading extensional imbricate fan. The westernmost structure of the rift, the N-S Gudfinnugja Fault (GF), is divided into two segments: the southern segment makes a junction with the HFF and is part of the imbricate fan; north of the junction instead, the northern GF appears right-laterally offset by about 20 m. Southeast of the junction, along the possible prolongation of the HFF across the TFS, the strike of the rift faults rotates in an anticlockwise direction, attaining a NNW-SSE orientation. Moreover, the TFS faults north of the HFF prolongation are fewer and have smaller offsets than those located to the south. Through the comparison between the structural data collected in the field at the HFF-TFS connection zone and a set of scaled experiments, we confirm a prolongation of the HFF through the rift, although here the transform fault has a much lower slip-rate than west of the junction. Our data suggest that transform fault terminations may be more complex than previously known, and propagate across a rift through a modification of the rift pattern.

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Section: The Theystareykir Fissure Swarm (Tfs)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Geologic-tectonic Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Theystareykir Fissure Swarm (Tfs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction between Transform Faults and Rift Systems: A Combined Field and Experimental Approach

2016

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The Iceland Plate Boundary Zone: Propagating Rifts, Migrating Transforms, and Rift‐Parallel Strike‐Slip Faults

Karson

2017

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Unlike most of the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge, the North America/Eurasia plate boundary in Iceland lies above sea level where magmatic and tectonic processes can be directly investigated in subaerial exposures. Accordingly, geologic processes in Iceland have long been recognized as possible analogs for seafloor spreading in the submerged parts of the mid‐ocean ridge system. Combining existing and new data from across Iceland provides an integrated view of this active, mostly subaerial plate boundary. The broad Iceland plate boundary zone includes segmented rift zones linked by transform fault zones. Rift propagation and transform fault migration away from the Iceland hotspot rearrange the plate boundary configuration resulting in widespread deformation of older crust and reactivation of spreading‐related structures. Rift propagation results in block rotations that are accommodated by widespread, rift‐parallel, strike‐slip faulting. The geometry and kinematics of faulting in Iceland may have implications for spreading processes elsewhere on the mid‐ocean ridge system where rift propagation and transform migration occur.

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The Evolution of the Tjörnes Sedimentary Basin in Relation to the Tjörnes Fracture Zone and the Geological Structure of Iceland

Eiríksson

Guðmundsson

Símonarson

et al. 2021

Topics in Geobiology

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Partitioning of Holocene kinematics and interaction between the Theistareykir Fissure Swarm and the Husavik-Flatey Fault, North Iceland

Cited by 37 publications

References 83 publications

Interaction between Transform Faults and Rift Systems: A Combined Field and Experimental Approach

Interaction between Transform Faults and Rift Systems: A Combined Field and Experimental Approach

The Iceland Plate Boundary Zone: Propagating Rifts, Migrating Transforms, and Rift‐Parallel Strike‐Slip Faults

The Evolution of the Tjörnes Sedimentary Basin in Relation to the Tjörnes Fracture Zone and the Geological Structure of Iceland

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