Parvovirus B19

Young, Neal S.; Brown, Kevin E.

doi:10.1056/nejmra030840

Cited by 811 publications

(689 citation statements)

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Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 The cellular receptor for the virus is globoside (erythrocyte P antigen), a neutral glycosphingolipid densely present on erythroid cells and also found on hepatocytes, nephrons, and bowel mucosa. 3,4 The most common clinical presentation of parvovirus B19 in children is erythema infectiosum, or fifth disease. 3 In adults, the infection is known to cause symmetric polyarthropathy, rash, malaise, coryza, headache, and gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, abdominal pain) and may mimic systemic lupus erythematosus.…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 The most common clinical presentation of parvovirus B19 in children is erythema infectiosum, or fifth disease. 3 In adults, the infection is known to cause symmetric polyarthropathy, rash, malaise, coryza, headache, and gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, abdominal pain) and may mimic systemic lupus erythematosus. 1,3 In patients with sickle cell anemia or other chronic hemolytic disorders, parvovirus B19 can cause a transient aplastic crisis.…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 In adults, the infection is known to cause symmetric polyarthropathy, rash, malaise, coryza, headache, and gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, abdominal pain) and may mimic systemic lupus erythematosus. 1,3 In patients with sickle cell anemia or other chronic hemolytic disorders, parvovirus B19 can cause a transient aplastic crisis. 3 Immunosuppressed patients (eg, organ transplant recipients, patients with certain cancers or advanced AIDS) may develop chronic infection and anemia because of an inability to mount an immune response to clear viremia.…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,3 In patients with sickle cell anemia or other chronic hemolytic disorders, parvovirus B19 can cause a transient aplastic crisis. 3 Immunosuppressed patients (eg, organ transplant recipients, patients with certain cancers or advanced AIDS) may develop chronic infection and anemia because of an inability to mount an immune response to clear viremia. Mild anemia or pancytopenia is frequently observed in normal infected hosts.…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Don't just do something, stand there!

Ryder

Block

Lurie

2006

Journal of Hospital Medicine

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The approach to clinical conundrums by an expert clinician is revealed through presentation of an actual patientThe patient presents with gastrointestinal symptoms following a trip to China. He may have an infection that began in the respiratory system and now is causing some gastrointestinal symptoms, like Legionnella. If he had received antibiotics, the diarrheal illness could be a complication. With his recent travel to China, typical enteric pathogens would have to be considered: enterotoxigenic E. coli, Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, or perhaps Giardia.He was admitted and treated with intravenous fluids and ciprofloxacin for presumed gastroenteritis. He was discharged the next day but returned 2 days later because of continued nausea and vomiting and limited oral intake. He was febrile, to 38.9°C, with chills. The results of an abdominal exam were normal. Stool studies for Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, enterotoxigenic E. coli, Giardia, and Cryptosporidium were negative. No blood parasites were seen. The white-cell count was 3900/ mm 3 with a normal differential count. Hemoglobin level, platelet count, serum electrolytes and creatinine were normal. He was readmitted for intravenous fluids.

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Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Don't just do something, stand there!

Ryder

Block

Lurie

2006

Journal of Hospital Medicine

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Viral DNAemia and DNA Virus Seropositivity and Mortality in Pediatric Sepsis

Cabler,

Storch,

Weinberg

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceSepsis is a leading cause of pediatric mortality. Little attention has been paid to the association between viral DNA and mortality in children and adolescents with sepsis.ObjectiveTo assess the association of the presence of viral DNA with sepsis-related mortality in a large multicenter study.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study compares pediatric patients with and without plasma cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), parvovirus B19 (B19V), BK polyomavirus (BKPyV), human adenovirus (HAdV), and torque teno virus (TTV) DNAemia detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or plasma IgG antibodies to CMV, EBV, HSV-1, or HHV-6. A total of 401 patients younger than 18 years with severe sepsis were enrolled from 9 pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network. Data were collected from 2015 to 2018. Samples were assayed from 2019 to 2022. Data were analyzed from 2022 to 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDeath while in the PICU.ResultsAmong the 401 patients included in the analysis, the median age was 6 (IQR, 1-12) years, and 222 (55.4%) were male. One hundred fifty-four patients (38.4%) were previously healthy, 108 (26.9%) were immunocompromised, and 225 (56.1%) had documented infection(s) at enrollment. Forty-four patients (11.0%) died in the PICU. Viral DNAemia with at least 1 virus (excluding TTV) was detected in 191 patients (47.6%) overall, 63 of 108 patients (58.3%) who were immunocompromised, and 128 of 293 (43.7%) who were not immunocompromised at sepsis onset. After adjustment for age, Pediatric Risk of Mortality score, previously healthy status, and immunocompromised status at sepsis onset, CMV (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.01 [95% CI, 1.36-6.45]; P = .007), HAdV (AOR, 3.50 [95% CI, 1.46-8.09]; P = .006), BKPyV (AOR. 3.02 [95% CI, 1.17-7.34]; P = .02), and HHV-6 (AOR, 2.62 [95% CI, 1.31-5.20]; P = .007) DNAemia were each associated with increased mortality. Two or more viruses were detected in 78 patients (19.5%), with mortality among 12 of 32 (37.5%) who were immunocompromised and 9 of 46 (19.6%) who were not immunocompromised at sepsis onset. Herpesvirus seropositivity was common (HSV-1, 82 of 246 [33.3%]; CMV, 107 of 254 [42.1%]; EBV, 152 of 251 [60.6%]; HHV-6, 253 if 257 [98.4%]). After additional adjustment for receipt of blood products in the PICU, EBV seropositivity was associated with increased mortality (AOR, 6.10 [95% CI, 1.00-118.61]; P = .049).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cohort study suggest that DNAemia for CMV, HAdV, BKPyV, and HHV-6 and EBV seropositivity were independently associated with increased sepsis mortality. Further investigation of the underlying biology of these viral DNA infections in children with sepsis is warranted to determine whether they only reflect mortality risk or contribute to mortality.

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Anti‐DNA Virus Agents

Herdewijn¹,

Gu²,

Clercq³

2021

Burger's Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery

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Although most of the drugs that are used to treat deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) virus infections have been on the market for more than 10 years, anti‐DNA virus drug discovery remains an active field of research. There are still DNA viruses that are important human pathogens for which no therapy is available (i.e. adenovirus), for which the available drugs show considerable toxicity (i.e. cytomegalovirus), or for which the current drug therapy is insufficient to eradicate the virus (i.e. hepatitis B virus). In this article, we have provided an overview of the anti‐DNA virus drugs that are presently on the market together with a description of the new compounds, all active against DNA viruses, covering the literature of the past 10 years. We have focused on the structure of newly discovered compounds, and the mechanism of action and clinical data, when available. Although the major efforts are still in the nucleotide antimetabolite field, the anti‐DNA virus field of research and development has shifted recently in the direction of the study of more common heterocyclic structures as protein inhibitors.

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Parvovirus B19

Cited by 811 publications

References 115 publications

Don't just do something, stand there!

Don't just do something, stand there!

Viral DNAemia and DNA Virus Seropositivity and Mortality in Pediatric Sepsis

Anti‐DNA Virus Agents

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