Parvovirus infection in pigs with necrotic and vesicle-like lesions

Kresse, J I; Taylor, William D.; Stewart, W.W.; Eernisse, K. A.

doi:10.1016/0378-1135(85)90061-6

Cited by 74 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…The co-infection by PCV2 and porcine parvovirus (PPV) has been associated with naturally and experimentally PMWS affected pigs , but only sporadically with swine abortion (Altherr et al 2003). Although PPV is thought to be endemic in pig populations throughout the world (Mengeling 1992), it has only rarely been associated with any disease in pigs other than fetal death (Kresse et al 1985, Bolt et al 1997. Most available data indicate that the apparently universal exposure to PPV in pigs was almost exclusively associated with sub-clinical infection and development of immunity (Mengeling 1992).…”

Section: Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Introducmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-infection by porcine circovirus type 2 and porcine parvovirus in aborted fetuses and stillborn piglets in southern Brazil

et al. 2007

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Porcine circovirus types 1 and 2 (PCV1, PCV2) and porcine parvovirus (PPV) are widespread in pig populations around the world. Nevertheless, only PCV2 has been associated with different clinical syndromes, thus representing a major problem to the pig industry. The association of cases of swine abortions and stillborns with PCV1 and PCV2 and PPV was studied retrospectively (2005-2007). Additional pathogens were also investigated in lesioned fetuses. The studied litters included stillborn piglets and several mummified fetuses of varied sizes. Ventricular dilatation, myocardial pale areas, and mesocolic edema were the gross lesions. Escherichia coli was detected as co-infecting with PCV2 the cases in which mesocolic edema was seen. Microscopic lesions included non-suppurative myocarditis, myocardial necrosis and fibrosis, mineralization foci and intranuclear inclusion bodies in cardiomyocytes, and interstitial mononuclear pneumonia. Samples from 7 (5.78 per cent) of 121 aborted fetuses and stillborn piglets had lesions consistent with a viral cause and showed both positive anti-PCV2 immunostaining as well as PCV2-PCR. In samples from 3 (2.47 per cent) of these 7 fetuses, co-infection with PPV was confirmed by Nested-PCR. Both viruses were detected in fetuses at different stages of gestation. Viral antigens of PCV2 were detected by immunohistochemistry mainly in macrophages and myocytes. PCV1 individually was not detected in any of these affected fetuses, but it was associated with PCV2 and/or PPV in some of them. These findings indicate that PCV2 alone or in association with PPV should be kept in mind when investigating causes of infectious abortion in pigs in Brazil.

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Section: Introduction Introduction Introduction Introduction Introducmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-infection by porcine circovirus type 2 and porcine parvovirus in aborted fetuses and stillborn piglets in southern Brazil

et al. 2007

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“…This strain was originally isolated from vesicle-like lesions of a naturally infected neonatal pig. 5 The stock virus was propagated in a tertiary culture of fetal porcine kidney cells free of endogenous infection with PPV and was used to infect porcine fetuses after only one passage in cell culture (Kresse [1]). The NADL-8 strain of PPV was a homogenate of several experimentally infected porcine fetuses, all from the same litter, and was originally isolated from a dead naturally infected porcine fetus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Virulence of Two Isolates of Porcine Parvovirus in 72-Day-Old Porcine Fetuses

1992

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Abstract. Two strains of porcine parvovirus (PPV), designated Kresse and NADL-8, were compared for relative virulence in porcine fetuses. Strain Kresse was injected into the amniotic fluid of all fetuses of 1 uterine horn of each of 2 pregnant gilts at 72 days of gestation. Strain NADL-8 was administered similarly to fetuses of 4 other gilts at the same stage of gestation. All gilts were killed and necropsied 35 days later. Selected tissues of all fetuses were tested for infectious virus and viral antigen. Sera from live fetuses were tested for antibody to PPV. These tests confirmed that most fetuses exposed to PPV by intra-amniotic injection became infected. All of 11 fetuses exposed to strain Kresse by intra-amniotic injection were alive at the time of necropsy, and all appeared clinically normal. In contrast, 8 of 24 fetuses exposed similarly to strain NADL-8 were dead. Many of the fetuses from the uterine horns contralateral to the uterine horns inoculated with virus were infected after 72 days of gestational age by intrauterine spread of the virus. Four such fetuses, 3 infected with the NADL-8 strain and 1 infected with the Kresse strain, were dead at the time of necropsy. These findings were inconsistent with those of a previous report, which indicated that the Kresse strain of PPV was markedly more virulent than the NADL-8 strain of PPV for porcine fetuses. A possible reason for this apparent discrepancy is discussed.Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is a major cause of maternal reproductive failure of swine.2,4,9,10,14 When nonimmune gilts and sows are infected with PPV during gestation, the virus usually crosses the placenta and infects the developing conceptuses. Experimental studies indicate that the clinical consequences of transplacental infection are dependent on the stage of gestation at which the conceptus is first exposed to virus.

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“…Affected piglets were from 1 to 4 weeks of age. 5 In 1986 a similar disease occurred in Minnesota. Porcine parvovirus was isolated from pooled tonsil, skin, and lung specimens and was also demonstrated in those tissues by direct immunofluorescence.…”

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confidence: 97%

“…3,[6][7][8] Recently, PPV has also been reported to be associated with a vesicular-like skin condition in baby pigs. 4,5 This report describes the gross, microscopic, and virologic findings in 3 pigs with necrotic and exudative skin disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings support the speculation of earlier investigators that vesicular-like disease associated with PPV and exudative epidermitis of pigs may be the result of dual viral and bacterial infections. 1,4,5 The precise role of PPV in the development of these skin lesions remains to be determined. It is likely that PPV invades damaged skin subsequent to bacterial infection.…”

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