Pascal conductance series in ballistic one-dimensional LaAlO ₃ /SrTiO ₃ channels

Abstract

One-sentence summary:We report a sequence of quantized conductance plateaus that follows the third diagonal of Pascal's triangle. Abstract:The ability to create and investigate composite fermionic phases opens new avenues for the investigation of strongly correlated quantum matter. We report the experimental observation of a series of quantized conductance steps within strongly interacting electron waveguides formed at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface. The waveguide conductance follows a characteristic sequence within Pascal's triangle: (1, 3, 6, 10, 15,…) ⋅ 2 /ℎ, where is the electron charge and ℎ is the Planck constant. The robustness of these steps with respect to magnetic field and gate voltage indicate the formation of a new family of degenerate quantum liquids formed from bound states of n = 2, 3, 4, … electrons. These experiments could provide solid-state analogues for a wide range of composite fermionic phases ranging from neutron stars to solid-state materials to quark-gluon plasmas.

Modulation induced transport signatures in correlated electron waveguides

“…It is worth pointing out that the expressions we have found for the Luttinger parameters [see Eq. (18)], and their dependence on the interaction matrix elements are correct only for weak coupling, i.e., when the typical bandwidth of the two modes W is sufficiently larger than the size of the elements comprising the interaction matrix U. Furthermore, our RG arguments regarding the relevance of the multi-particle backscattering term were also perturbative.…”

“…[22], the relevance of the λ perturbation, and hence the formation of the φ g gap and fractional plateau, hinge on very strong repulsive interactions between the 1D electrons. However, there is strong evidence for attractive interactions in the electron waveguide devices patterned on the LaAlO 3 /SrTiO 3 interface [17,18]. The key to understanding this apparent discrepancy may lie in another intriguing observation, namely that fractional conductance features were altogether absent from such straight non-modulated waveguides [17].…”

“…Recent advances in atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electron lithography have enabled confinement of these surface electrons to quasi-1D waveguides [16]. Electric conductance experiments in these heterostructures have revealed ballistic transport, and apparent strong attractive interactions between the charge carriers which lead to formation of composite few-electron particles [17,18].…”

Introductory Chapter: Assorted Dimensional Reconfigurable Materials

“…This quantum spin liquid is valuable and practical reincarnated electronic matter at quantum scale due to superior electronic applications and quantum mechanical impacts. Modern S&T have reconfigured many 1/2/3D materials like ballistic LaAlO 3 /SrTiO 3 conductors, quantum hall phased graphene-SrTiO 3 matrix and magnon stretch graphene being gifted with unique features like planned quantum state, regimented magnetic stimulations and unique electrical conductance [17]. Advanced nanotechnology generates magnon spread viable for quantum Hall effect or ferromagnetism across the bulk path all over graphene reinforced magnetic phases due to survival of 2D excited electron waves at low temperature.…”

“…In twenty-first century, many properties of quantum nature of matter were either ignored or unknown earlier are ever explored due to endowed applications in many quantum fields including computing, sensing, teleportation, and communication [1,[13][14][15][16][17]. Reincarnated quantum states offer electric potential with finetuned state marking transition to topological order along with paternal quantum entanglement as viable for quantum Hall effect through such reconfigured 2D/3D matrixes.…”