Passage of host serum components, including antibodies specific for<i>Theileria sergenti</i>, across the digestive tract of argasid and ixodid ticks

Fujisaki, Kozo; Kamio, Tsugihiko; Kitaoka, Shigeo

doi:10.1080/00034983.1984.11811847

Cited by 63 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The biggest amount of food is ingested in the second phase of feeding [22]. During feeding, serum components enter the midgut and haemolymph [23][24][25][26][27]. High titres of guinea-pig IgG antibodies were found in the saliva of both partially fed Rhipicephalus appendiculatus females and after 6 days of the feeding period [28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Study of the non-parasitic stage in Ixodes ricinus after co-feeding with Dermacentor reticulatus in three infestations

Bartosik

Buczek

Borzęcki³

et al. 2017

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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It was proved that transmission of some pathogens may occur between infected and uninfected ticks co-feeding on a host in the absence of systemic infection. The effect was studied of co-feeding of two different tick species Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor reticulatus on the course of the non-parasitic stage. Species chosen for the experiment may share their habitats and co-infest animals in nature. In the course of the study the process of egg maturation, oviposition and larval hatching were investigated. In order to estimate if co-feeding influence can counteract host immunity, three subsequent infestations of rabbits were analyzed. Mono-specific groups values of such a parameters as egg amount, number of eggs per 1 mg of female engorgement weight, female oviposition weight loss, hatching success were higher in inter-specific groups were compared. The results indicate that co-feeding with other tick species may partially reduce the influence of host resistance in subsequent infestation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Study of the non-parasitic stage in Ixodes ricinus after co-feeding with Dermacentor reticulatus in three infestations

Bartosik

Buczek

Borzęcki³

et al. 2017

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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“…It has been demonstrated previously that host antibodies can pass through the midgut barrier of ticks and circulate in the hemolymph [24][25][26]. Detection of positive bands for recombinant HlFERs on Western blot analysis using egg , a product of lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonyl (PC) resulting from protein oxidation were detected in the eggs and larvae of ticks from vaccinated rabbits using specific immunoblot detection kits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and comparison of the potential of two ferritins as anti-tick vaccines against Haemaphysalis longicornis

et al. 2014

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Background: Tick control is an essential aspect of controlling the spread of tick-borne diseases affecting humans and animals, but it presently faces several challenges. Development of an anti-tick vaccine is aimed at designing cost-effective and environmentally friendly protection against ticks and tick-borne diseases as an alternative to the use of chemical acaricides. A single vaccine from the tick midgut protein Bm86 is currently available for field applications, but its efficacy is limited to only some tick species. Identification of candidate vaccine antigens that can affect multiple tick species is highly desirable. The hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis has two kinds of the iron-binding protein ferritin (HlFER), an intracellular HlFER1 and a secretory HlFER2, and RNA interference experiments showed that these are physiologically important in blood feeding and reproduction and in protection against oxidative stress. Here we investigated the potential of targeting HlFERs for tick control by immunizing the host with recombinant HlFERs (rHlFER1 and rHlFER2).Methods: Rabbits were immunized with rHlFERs three times subcutaneously at two-week intervals. Antisera were collected before the first immunization and a week after each immunization to confirm the antigen-specific serum antibody titer by serum ELISA. Two weeks after the final immunization, the rabbits were challenged with tick infestation. After dropping, tick feeding and reproduction parameters were evaluated to determine vaccine efficacy. To demonstrate the effects of antibodies, oxidative stress was detected in the eggs and larvae.Results: The antibody titer of rHlFER-immunized rabbits greatly increased after the second immunization. Antibodies exhibited cross-reactivity with rHlFERs and reacted with tick native HlFERs in Western blot analysis. Significantly lower bodyweight was observed in the ticks infested from the rHlFER2-immunized rabbit compared to those from the control rabbit. Reduced oviposition and hatching rate were observed in both rHlFER-immunized groups. rHlFER2 showed a higher vaccine efficacy. The antibodies against rHlFERs were detected in the eggs, and higher levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in the eggs and larvae, of ticks from rHlFER vaccinated rabbits. Conclusion:Collectively, these results showed that HlFER2 has a good potential as an anti-tick vaccine antigen that may affect multiple tick species.

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“…albumin) cross the tick gut into the haemolymph [36][37][38]. Host IgG in tick haemolymph retains its biological activity [39], and specific antibodies can be detected that bind to internal organs (e.g. salivary gland and ovary) [40].…”

Section: The Fate Of Host Immunoglobulin-g (Igg) In Ticksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoglobulin-binding proteins in ticks: new target for vaccine development against a blood-feeding parasite

Wang¹,

Nuttall²

1999

CMLS, Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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Humans have a long history of trying to control ticks. At first, attempts focused on modifying the habitat, whereas later efforts relied heavily on the use of chemicals. Current research is directed at finding a vaccine against ticks. A strategy of targeting 'concealed antigens' succeeded with the first commercialised vaccine against the cattle tick Boophilus microplus. However, vaccine development against other tick species appears unsatisfactory to date. Vaccination depends on a specific antibody-mediated immunoreaction that damages the parasite. Immunoglobulin molecules of vertebrate hosts can pass through gut barriers into the haemolymph of ectoparasites while retaining antibody activity. Research on the ixodid tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus revealed that host immunoglobulin-G in the parasite was excreted via salivation, during feeding. Immunoglobulin-binding proteins in tick haemolymph and salivary glands are thought to be responsible for such excretion. The discovery of an immunoglobulin excretion system in ticks indicates that they have a highly developed mechanism to protect themselves from their host's antibody attack. Such a mechanism questions whether immunization strategies will be effective against ticks, unless they circumvent or disable the ticks' immunoglobulin excretion system.

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Passage of host serum components, including antibodies specific forTheileria sergenti, across the digestive tract of argasid and ixodid ticks

Cited by 63 publications

References 6 publications

Study of the non-parasitic stage in Ixodes ricinus after co-feeding with Dermacentor reticulatus in three infestations

Study of the non-parasitic stage in Ixodes ricinus after co-feeding with Dermacentor reticulatus in three infestations

Evaluation and comparison of the potential of two ferritins as anti-tick vaccines against Haemaphysalis longicornis

Immunoglobulin-binding proteins in ticks: new target for vaccine development against a blood-feeding parasite

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