Passenger Comfort for the Next Generation Train: A Laboratory for Comfort Factor Trials

Winter, Joachim; Windemut, Ivan; Kevlishvili, Nina; Schmeling, Daniel; Maier, Julia

doi:10.4203/ccp.110.195

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Shading the passenger compartments could be advantageous for ensuring an adequate thermal environment (LESS heat penetration into the cabin from irradiation) in the tropics such as Nigeria; therefore, adequate lighting can be achieved in the train by equipping OLED (organic light-emitting diodes) luminaires. By visual observation, we remark that the trains investigated in the current study were not equipped with OLED luminaires; meanwhile, OLED luminaires are preferred for performance, as suggested by the studies[2,79,80].…”

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confidence: 58%

Indoor Environmental Quality Assessment of Train Cabins and Passenger Waiting Areas: A Case Study of Nigeria

Ogundiran,

Nyembwe,

Ribeiro

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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The adequacy of the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in mass transit microenvironments is crucial to the well-being of exposed commuters. By 2050, many developing tropical countries will host even more megacities, which will feature an increase in people mobility and higher occupancy density. The paucity of IEQ studies, the technology gap, and inadequate policy measures to assure safer and sustainable mobility in many developing tropics have reinforced the current study objective. Also, the recent COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the IEQ links and risks to health in transport, which, given the climate peculiarities, transport reforms, and huge commuter traffic in Nigeria, inform the study motivation. The indoor air quality (CO2, PM, VOCs, NO2), thermal, acoustic, and visual environments were objectively assessed in train passenger cabins and waiting areas, during 15 trips in the dry and rainy seasons in Nigeria. The results were analyzed by following the IEQ requirements defined in the ISO, CEN, ASHRAE, and SAE standards. The results indicate gaps in the IAQ (inadequate ventilation in 9 trains), defective thermal comfort (9 trains), exceedance in the PM limit (PM10: 47.9–115 μg/m3, PM2.5: 22.5–51.3 μg/m3), noise (Leq range: 64–85 dBA), and low illuminance levels (10 trains), hence the need for IEQ, interventions, stakeholder awareness, and broader IEQ studies on transport cabins in these regions.

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confidence: 58%

Indoor Environmental Quality Assessment of Train Cabins and Passenger Waiting Areas: A Case Study of Nigeria

Ogundiran,

Nyembwe,

Ribeiro

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…Investigations performed at the German Aerospace Center (DLR) in aircraft cabins 3 as well as in train compartments [24][25][26] simultaneously use up to 70 thermal manikins. These manikins were designed for the experimental simulation of indoor airflow, and their main advantage is that they exhibit a very homogeneous heat flux density, which is slightly increased intentionally in the head region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of shape and heat release of thermal passenger manikins on the performance of displacement ventilation in a train compartment

Schmeling

Bosbach

2019

Indoor and Built Environment

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The influence of sensible heat release on the performance of displacement ventilation was studied in a generic laboratory representing the lower cabin of the German Aerospace Center (DLR)’s Next Generation Train. Tests at variable mean cabin temperatures were conducted with human subjects, thermal manikins and heating mats at different but constant heat release rates. Moreover, tests with thermal manikins and an adaptive heat release rate were performed. Flow fields, surface temperature distributions as well as local temperatures and velocities were evaluated. The study revealed that the shape of the heat sources is negligible if only global quantities, such as the global enthalpy flux or the heat removal efficiency, are evaluated. The latter was found to be independent of the amount of released heat. However, it strongly reacts to the choice of probe positions used for the mean cabin temperature. Regarding the comfort-relevant flow parameters, both the shape and the heat release rate are highly relevant to temperature stratifications and flow fields in the passenger zone. The manikins with adaptive heat release proved to be a major improvement in terms of realistic simulation of the human metabolism for investigations regarding the performance of ventilation systems. However, the determination of the mean cabin temperature receives increased relevance as it is prone to limit the closeness to reality.

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“…The project addresses many aspects of future high-speed trains and modern passenger and freight transport. Among others, thermal passenger comfort and energy efficiency of different ventilation systems have been analysed by implementing new ventilation and illumination concepts in a full-scale mock-up of the NGT-HST (high-speed train) [6,7,8], see Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquisition of spatially resolved CO2 distribution in a generic train compartment

Dehne¹,

Schmeling²

Civil-Comp Conferences

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The presented study was conducted within the framework of the Next Generation Train project (NGT) of the German Aerospace Center (DLR). This project addresses many aspects of future high-speed trains and modern passenger and freight transport. Among others, thermal passenger comfort and energy efficiency of different ventilation systems have been analysed by implementing new ventilation and illumination concepts in a full-scale mock-up of the NGT-HST (high-speed train). With up to 20-30% of the total energy demand, the HVAC system of a train is the second-largest energy consumer during a train journey. The demand-oriented ventilation of passenger compartments is one possibility to save energy by reducing the rate of fresh air. For demand-oriented ventilation based on the CO2 distribution, energy savings between 10% and 20% were observed in previous studies in wind tunnel experiments and in operational mode. However, all the studies conducted so far are based on CO2 measurements in the exhaust air of the train compartment. Investigations of the local CO2 distribution in the compartment, i.e. possible locally increased CO2 values on individual seats, are still lacking. The objective of the present study is to investigate a novel hybrid ventilation concept in terms of CO2 distributions and CO2 discharge in a generic train mock-up (GTM). This novel concept is based on a combination of cabin displacement ventilation and a hat-rackintegrated low-momentum ventilation system. Four thermal manikins and up to 20 human subjects were placed in the GTM. The influence of different numbers of human subjects on the performance of ventilation systems in trains was studied using CO2 sensors in the vicinity of the persons as well as in the air supply and air exhausts.

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Passenger Comfort for the Next Generation Train: A Laboratory for Comfort Factor Trials

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Indoor Environmental Quality Assessment of Train Cabins and Passenger Waiting Areas: A Case Study of Nigeria

Indoor Environmental Quality Assessment of Train Cabins and Passenger Waiting Areas: A Case Study of Nigeria

Influence of shape and heat release of thermal passenger manikins on the performance of displacement ventilation in a train compartment

Acquisition of spatially resolved CO2 distribution in a generic train compartment

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