Passenger Exposure to Magnetic Fields due to the Batteries of an Electric Vehicle

Moreno‐Torres, Pablo; Vélez, Pablo César Ocampo; Lafoz, Marcos; Arribas, J. R.

doi:10.1109/tvt.2015.2490105

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Lu [17] proposed a method to assess inter-cell variation in lithiumion batteries based on charging cloud data. In addition, Concha [18] studied the effect of the magnetic field of electric vehicle batteries on passengers. Zhu [19] investigated real-time battery thermal management strategies for vehicles, presenting a detailed assessment of the most common reaction mechanisms, identifying differences between each in terms of decomposition and formation reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operating Safety Evaluation of Battery-Electric Taxi Based on Spatio-Temporal Speed Parameters

Dong

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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The battery-electric taxis have the features of larger mass, low operating noise, and great speed, and the drivers of battery-electric taxis have various driving behaviors and low safety awareness, which leads to higher safety risks. In the paper, the driving and speed characteristics of battery-electric taxis, conventional taxis, and private cars are compared and analyzed through conducting a GPS trajectory survey and a cross-section traffic flow parameter survey. An evaluation index system that is based on the spatio-temporal speed parameters is proposed, and a MEW-VIKOR method is developed for the operatiing safety evaluation of the battery-electric taxi. The results show that the operating speed of battery-electric taxis is significantly higher than that of conventional taxis on weekdays and weekends, and there is a relatively common speeding phenomenon on urban local roads. The proposed safety evaluation index system that is based on the spatio-temporal speed parameters and the MEW-VIKOR evaluation method can effectively evaluate the operatiing safety of battery-electric taxis. In addition, the ranking results show that, according to the spatio-temporal speed parameters, the operating safety of battery-electric taxis is lower than that of conventional taxis and private cars. The research provides theoretical insights for strategies and policies making to reduce the unsafe driving behaviors of battery-electric taxis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operating Safety Evaluation of Battery-Electric Taxi Based on Spatio-Temporal Speed Parameters

Dong

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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“…Two different HPCSs were tested at power levels up to 83 kW, using a vehicle selected among the few that, at the time, were designed to be charged with power above 50 kW. A new joint test campaign, JRC-ENEA, was organized with the aim to improve and refine the procedure already developed to provide reliable data about magnetic fields emitted by these systems during high-power charging, with experimental knowledge about this topic still limited to vehicles and wireless charging [13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Frequency Magnetic Fields Emitted by High-Power Charging Systems

et al. 2020

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The new generation of fast charging systems faces a formidable technological challenge, aiming to drastically reduce the time needed to recharge an electric vehicle as a way to tackle the range anxiety issue. To achieve this, high power (up to 350 kW) is transferred from the grid to the vehicle, leading to potentially high values of low frequency magnetic fields. This study presents the results of measurements of magnetic flux density (B-field) emitted by two different high power charging systems. The electric vehicle used for the recharge was able to digest up to 83 kW of delivered power. The test procedure was designed to identify the locations where the maximum B-field levels were recorded and to measure the exposure indices according to reference levels for general public exposure defined in the Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC. Measurements in close proximity to the power cabinets during the recharge revealed that, at some points, exposure indices were higher than 100%, leading to the identification of a distance from the system components at which the value was lower than the reference level. In the worst case, this distance was 31 cm.

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“…The EMFs inside the vehicles are either from vehicle drivers, and passengers exposed to long-term EMFs inside EVs is a considerable safety issue. The EMFs are induced by the electric powertrains [1,2,3,4,5,6], or by a portion of the electric system such as in the power cables [7], inverters [8], or batteries [6,9] of EVs; or from wireless communication systems [10,11]. EMF distributions from EVs, either time-varying EMFs [2,3,6,9], static magnetic fields (SMF) (including DC scenarios) [8,9], or synthesized scenarios of above two, have been evaluated by both measurements and computational simulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The EMFs are induced by the electric powertrains [1,2,3,4,5,6], or by a portion of the electric system such as in the power cables [7], inverters [8], or batteries [6,9] of EVs; or from wireless communication systems [10,11]. EMF distributions from EVs, either time-varying EMFs [2,3,6,9], static magnetic fields (SMF) (including DC scenarios) [8,9], or synthesized scenarios of above two, have been evaluated by both measurements and computational simulations. The EV-derived EMFs are in general in compliance with the basic restriction values of international standards [1,2,6], however, some EMFs levels in the scenarios in which the other parameters are in compliance with the basic restrictions may exceed the reference limits, threatening the safety of human health in EVs [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Static Magnetic Field of Electric Vehicles on Driving Performance and on Neuro-Psychological Cognitive Functions

Sun

Leung

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Human neuropsychological reactions and brain activities when driving electric vehicles (EVs) are considered as an issue for traffic and public safety purposes; this paper examined the effect of the static magnetic field (SMF) derived from EVs. A lane change task was adopted to evaluate the driving performance; and the driving reaction time test and the reaction time test were adopted to evaluate the variation of the neuro-psychological cognitive functions. Both the sham and the real exposure conditions were performed with a 350 μT localized SMF in this study; 17 student subjects were enrolled in this single-blind experiment. Electroencephalographs (EEGs) of the subjects were adopted and recorded during the experiment as an indicator of the brain activity for the variations of the driving performance and of the cognitive functions. Results of this study have indicated that the impact of the given SMF on both the human driving performance and the cognitive functions are not considerable; and that there is a correlation between beta sub-band of the EEGs and the human reaction time in the analysis

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Passenger Exposure to Magnetic Fields due to the Batteries of an Electric Vehicle

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Operating Safety Evaluation of Battery-Electric Taxi Based on Spatio-Temporal Speed Parameters

Operating Safety Evaluation of Battery-Electric Taxi Based on Spatio-Temporal Speed Parameters

Low Frequency Magnetic Fields Emitted by High-Power Charging Systems

Effect of Static Magnetic Field of Electric Vehicles on Driving Performance and on Neuro-Psychological Cognitive Functions

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