Passive and Active Methods for Enhancing Water Quality of Service Reservoir

Zhang, Junmei; Khoo, Boo Cheong; Teo, Chung‐Piaw; Haja, Nazarudeen; Tham, Tuck Kuan; Zhong, Liang‐Cai; Lee, Heow Pueh

doi:10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0000730

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Hence, tank water mixing and age, and, thus, quality and safety, do not depend exclusively on storage tanks characteristics and condition. They are also influenced by the fluctuations of inlet water flow and levels [37], as determined by volumes stored for emergency and demand management, and draining/filling times and frequency according to serviced areas consumption profiles. Nevertheless, water level in tanks and filling frequency are most frequently a function of electricity tariff schemes, as there is an emerging trend to minimize energy costs by scheduling pumps' operation [38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of water mixing and renewal time in storage tanks

Covas,

Pinheiro,

Vaz

et al. 2022

Proceedings - 2nd International Join Conference on Water Distribution System Analysis (WDSA)& Computing and Control in the

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The current paper aims at presenting the main developments and achievement attained in research project IMiST – Improving mixing in Storage Tanks for safer water supply, funded by Fundação para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, carried out between 2018 and 2022. This project aimed at a better understanding of flow dynamics inside water supply systems’ storage tanks to find practicable solutions to improve the design and the rehabilitation and to support operation of the existing tanks. The project comprised the development of an extensive experimental programme of small-scale tests, full-scale testing in a real storage tank and advanced numerical modelling. Small-scale tests were carried out in the Laboratory of Hydraulics and Water Resources of Instituto Superior Técnico, Portugal, for different tank’s configurations and operating conditions. Two different cross-section tanks (circular and rectangular) were tested with and without interior structures (baffles) and with the inlet and outlet pipes at different locations. Three sets of experimental tests were carried out using different instrumentation to collect complementary data, namely traditional tracer tests, dye tracer tests and velocity field measurements by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). A methodology for assessing mixing conditions in full-scale storage tanks was developed and tested in a real tank with a rectangular cross-section and 3500 m3 capacity with inner baffles. Advanced numerical modelling using Computational Fluid Dynamics was carried out for the submerged and plunging get in a circular tank for betted understanding the velocity fields and the flow patterns. This complementary experimental and numerical modelling have allowed drawing conclusions concerning improving mixing measures, by readjusting the tank configuration (e.g., location, number and diameter of inlet/outlet pipes, jet inflow, fluctuating stored water volume and geometry) and changing operating conditions (e.g., extreme tank levels, pump scheduling). New knowledge on water storage tank hydrodynamics has been created and guidelines for upgrading tank design, rehabilitation and operation were prepared with design criteria for new tanks and measures for the improvement/rehabilitation of existing tanks in supply systems, that will be briefly summarised herein.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of water mixing and renewal time in storage tanks

Covas,

Pinheiro,

Vaz

et al. 2022

Proceedings - 2nd International Join Conference on Water Distribution System Analysis (WDSA)& Computing and Control in the

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“…A mistura e o envelhecimento da água num reservatório encontram-se intrinsecamente relacionadas com as características físicas do mesmo (e.g., geometria, localização e número de entradas/saídas de água) (Rossman e Grayman, 1999), bem como com as condições de operação (e.g., níveis mínimos e máximos, caudais de entrada) (Grayman et al, 2004;Zhang et al, 2012). Também a estratificação térmica, devida à diferença de temperaturas entre a água que entra e a armazenada, tem impacto na mistura da água (Chuo et al, 2003).…”

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Characterization of drinking water storage tanks in Portugal

et al. 2021

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<p>Os reservatórios de água para consumo humano permitem garantir reservas de água nos sistemas de abastecimento e gerir variações do consumo. Contudo, a sua configuração e os modos de operação podem ter implicações na qualidade da água distribuída. Este trabalho apresenta uma caracterização dos reservatórios de água em Portugal, incidindo nas características físicas e operacionais que condicionam o seu desempenho do ponto de vista da mistura e renovação da água. Foi pela primeira vez avaliada a mistura da água nos reservatórios portugueses, pela determinação das frações de volumes de renovação necessárias para garantir a mistura da água que entra em cada ciclo de enchimento com a já existente. Os resultados mostram que a mistura é garantida em cerca de 74% das células circulares e que a variação de nível necessária para tal num ciclo de enchimento é, em média, de 51%.</p>

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Stagnation Reduction in Drinking Water Storage Tanks through Internal Piping with Implications for Water Quality Improvement

Fard

Barkdoll

2018

J. Hydraul. Eng.

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Passive and Active Methods for Enhancing Water Quality of Service Reservoir

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Modelling of water mixing and renewal time in storage tanks

Modelling of water mixing and renewal time in storage tanks

Characterization of drinking water storage tanks in Portugal

Stagnation Reduction in Drinking Water Storage Tanks through Internal Piping with Implications for Water Quality Improvement

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