Passive electro-optic antenna using polymer material

Abstract

The experimental results of a polymer microwave electro-optic antenna are reported. The device amplitude-modulates an optical input beam with a free-space propagating electromagnetic wave. By using a new dipole printed antenna, the electromagnetic energy is concentrated inside the device. An antenna factor of 168 dB=m is achieved with only 1 mm of electro-optic polymer.

Enhancement the performance of an electro-optic switch by analysis the effect of tensile stress, axial and radial strain

“…[7][8][9][10] The sensible choice of electrooptic material is one of the powerful approaches to enhance the execution of electro-optic switches [1]. Contrasted and inorganic electro optic materials, polymer electro-optic materials have some phenomenal components, including high electro-optic coefficients, simple control of refractive index and basic innovation processing [11][12][13][14]. Electro-optic material like lithium niobate has refractive indices that can be changed by a connected electric field as appeared in the Figure 1.…”

Electro-optical field sensor using single total internal reflection in electro-optical crystals

“…Electro-optical (EO) field sensors have been researched actively towards low signal loss and less destructive observation of radio frequency (RF) electro-magnetic fields for various purposes, including telecommunication, field measurements, and electro-magnetic interference (EMI) measurements [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. However, EO sensors have not been widely used in practical EMI tests, partly because of their relatively low sensitivity and the difficulty in fabricating waveguide structures for them.…”

Optimal design and analysis of a high-speed, low-voltage polymer Mach–Zehnder interferometer electro-optic switch

“…The electro-optic switches based on the MZI structure are operated by the principles of electro-optic effect where the change of refractive indices of the two arms of MZI is produced by applying external electric field. Compared with inorganic electrooptic materials, polymeric electro-optic materials have some excellent features, such as high electro-optic coefficient, easy control of refractive index and simple technology processing [9][10][11][12]. A novel sol-gel polymer with cross-linked structure and exceptionally high electro-optic coefficients of 138 pm/V at 1550 nm, which has been already successfully used in the fabrication of MZI modulators with low half-wave voltage of less than 1.0 V [13,14], is adopted in designing our switch.…”