Passive Forward-Scattering Radar Using Digital Video Broadcasting Satellite Signal for Drone Detection

Abstract

This paper presents a passive radar system using a signal of opportunity from Digital Video Broadcasting Satellite (DVB-S). The ultimate purpose of the system is to be used as an air traffic monitoring and surveillance system. However, the work focuses on drone detection as a proof of the concept. Detecting a drone by using satellite-based passive radar possess inherent challenges, such as the small radar cross section and low speed. Therefore, this paper proposes a unique method by leveraging the advantage of forward-scattering radar (FSR) topology and characteristics to detect a drone; in other words, the system is known as a passive FSR (p-FSR) system. In the signal-processing algorithm, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is applied to the received signal to extract the unique feature vector of the micro-Doppler frequency from the drone’s rotating blades. The paper highlights the p-FSR experimental setup and experiment campaign to detect drones. The experimental results show the feasibility of the p-FSR using a signal transmitted from a satellite to detect flying drone crossing the forward-scatter baseline between the satellite and ground station.

Target Detection and DOA Estimation for Passive Bistatic Radar in the Presence of Residual Interference

“…After sparse reconstruction of each range-Doppler unit, the range-Doppler twodimensional matrix in different directions (from −90 • to 90 • ) is constructed using the method described in Formulation (9). Figure 6 shows only the results corresponding to the direction near the target.…”

“…Therefore, in recent years, PBR has attracted extensive attention [3][4][5][6]. At present, the feasibility and detection performance of different civil signals, including frequency modulation (FM) broadcast signal [7,8], digital television broadcast (DVB-T) [9,10], China mobile multimedia broadcasting (CMMB) [11], Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) [12], long-term evolution (LTE) signal [13][14][15] and so on, have been studied as IoO. Moreover, many research results have been obtained.…”

FSR Systems for Detection of Air Objects Using Cosmic Radio Emissions

“…The threshold H is defined as the root of Equation (38) for a given false alarm probability level. The parameter in Equation (39) is calculated in the previous section for pulsar, solar and lunar FSRs depending on the frequency of emission, the size of airplanes, which are crossing the baseline “transmitter-receiver” at the right angle and also their distance [ 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Doppler Analysis of Forward Scattering Radar With Opportunistic Signals From LEO Satellites

“…B I-STATIC forward scattering radar has been widely investigated since it was first envisioned about seven decades ago [1]. By exploiting various opportunistic signals, such as GNSS signals [2], cosmic radio emissions [3], terrestrial broadcasting signals [4], DVB-S signals [5], recently ground based forward scattering (FS) passive radars have attracted a lot of attention for their capability in air object detection. Using opportunistic signals from satellites, CubeSat-based FS passive radars have also been proposed for space debris detection [6], [7].…”