Passive leg movement: A novel method to assess vascular function during passive leg heating?

Esteves, Nuno Koch; Chiesa, Scott T

doi:10.1113/ep090033

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This could be due to the thermal intervention inducing a smaller increase in deep tissue temperature, which is typically warmer than the superficial tissues (Savard et al., 1988 ), thus producing a weaker thermal stimulus for vasodilatation and/or haemorheological changes. Moreover, measurements of PFA blood flow are influenced by the individual vessel anatomy (Tomaszewski et al., 2017 ), making it more difficult to obtain high‐quality images compared to the other main leg conduit arteries (Hussain, 1997 ; Koch Esteves & Chiesa, 2021 ). Based on PFA blood flow estimates from the measurements of CFA and SFA blood flow, it appears that the magnitude of increase in PFA blood flow was underestimated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower limb hyperthermia augments functional hyperaemia during small muscle mass exercise similarly in trained elderly and young humans

Esteves

Khir

González‐Alonso

2023

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings What is the central question of the study? Ageing is postulated to lead to underperfusion of human limb tissues during passive and exertional hyperthermia, but findings to date have been equivocal. Thus, does age have an independent adverse effect on local haemodynamics during passive single‐leg hyperthermia, single‐leg knee‐extensor exercise and their combination? What is the main finding and its importance? Local hyperthermia increased leg blood flow over three‐fold and had an additive effect during knee‐extensor exercise with no absolute differences in leg perfusion between the healthy, exercise‐trained elderly and the young groups. Our findings indicate that age per se does not compromise lower limb hyperaemia during local hyperthermia and/or small muscle mass exercise. AbstractHeat and exercise therapies are recommended to improve vascular health across the lifespan. However, the haemodynamic effects of hyperthermia, exercise and their combination are inconsistent in young and elderly people. Here we investigated the acute effects of local‐limb hyperthermia and exercise on limb haemodynamics in nine healthy, trained elderly (69 ± 5 years) and 10 young (26 ± 7 years) adults, hypothesising that the combination of local hyperthermia and exercise interact to increase leg perfusion, albeit to a lesser extent in the elderly. Participants underwent 90 min of single whole‐leg heating, with the contralateral leg remaining as control, followed by 10 min of low‐intensity incremental single‐leg knee‐extensor exercise with both the heated and control legs. Temperature profiles and leg haemodynamics at the femoral and popliteal arteries were measured. In both groups, heating increased whole‐leg skin temperature and blood flow by 9.5 ± 1.2°C and 0.7 ± 0.2 L min−1 (>3‐fold), respectively (P < 0.0001). Blood flow in the heated leg remained 0.7 ± 0.6 and 1.0 ± 0.8 L min−1 higher during exercise at 6 and 12 W, respectively (P < 0.0001). However, there were no differences in limb haemodynamics between cohorts, other than the elderly group exhibiting a 16 ± 6% larger arterial diameter and a 51 ± 6% lower blood velocity following heating (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, local hyperthermia‐induced limb hyperperfusion and/or small muscle mass exercise hyperaemia are preserved in trained older people despite evident age‐related structural and functional alterations in their leg conduit arteries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower limb hyperthermia augments functional hyperaemia during small muscle mass exercise similarly in trained elderly and young humans

Esteves

Khir

González‐Alonso

2023

Experimental Physiology

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“…Fourth, the sum of SFA and PFA blood flow does not perfectly match the measured CFA blood flow. This is likely due to the difficulty faced when attempting to obtain high‐quality images of the PFA, in comparison to other main conduit leg arteries, as the PFA is highly influenced by the individual vessel anatomy (Hussain, 1997 ; Tomaszewski et al., 2017 ; Koch Esteves & Chiesa, 2021 ). Nonetheless, this potential limitation does not affect the interpretation and conclusion of the present findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo‐haemodynamic coupling during regional thigh heating: Insight into the importance of local thermosensitive mechanisms in blood circulation

Koch Esteves,

McDonald,

González‐Alonso

2024

Experimental Physiology

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A positive relationship between local tissue temperature and perfusion exists, with isolated limb‐segment hyperthermia stimulating hyperaemia in the heated region without affecting the adjacent, non‐heated limb segment. However, whether partial‐limb segment heating evokes a heightened tissue perfusion in the heated region without directly or reflexly affecting the non‐heated tissues of the same limb segment remains unknown. This study investigated, in 11 healthy young adults, the lower limb temperature and haemodynamic responses to three levels of 1 h upper‐leg heating, none of which alter core temperature: (1) whole‐thigh (WTH; water‐perfused garment), (2) quadriceps (QH; water‐perfused garment) and (3) partial‐quadriceps (PQH; pulsed shortwave diathermy) heating. It was hypothesised that perfusion would only increase in the heated regions. WTH, QH and PQH increased local heated tissue temperature by 2.9 ± 0.6, 2.0 ± 0.7 and 2.9 ± 1.3°C (P < 0.0001), respectively, whilst remaining unchanged in the non‐heated hamstrings and quadriceps tissues during QH and PQH. WTH induced a two‐fold increase in common femoral artery blood flow (P < 0.0001) whereas QH and PQH evoked a similar ∼1.4‐fold elevation (P ≤ 0.0018). During QH and PQH, however, tissue oxygen saturation and laser‐Doppler skin blood flow in the adjacent non‐heated hamstrings or quadriceps tissues remained stable (P > 0.5000). These findings in healthy young humans demonstrate a tight thermo‐haemodynamic coupling during regional thigh heating, providing further evidence of the importance of local heat‐activated mechanisms on the control of blood circulation.

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Passive leg movement: A novel method to assess vascular function during passive leg heating?

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Lower limb hyperthermia augments functional hyperaemia during small muscle mass exercise similarly in trained elderly and young humans

Lower limb hyperthermia augments functional hyperaemia during small muscle mass exercise similarly in trained elderly and young humans

Thermo‐haemodynamic coupling during regional thigh heating: Insight into the importance of local thermosensitive mechanisms in blood circulation

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