Passive measurement of coarse particulate matter,

Ott, Darrin K.; Cyrs, William D.; Peters, Thomas M.

doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2007.11.002

Cited by 48 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The mass for each single particle (m) was calculated from the projected area diameter (D p ) provided by the SEM images, based on a density value and shape factor, following the equation for the mass of a particle (eq. 2) (Ott et al, 2008). From single-particle masses, the average particle mass per source was calculated:…”

Section: Mass Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter Emitted from Poultry and Pig Houses: Source Identification and Quantification

Cambra‐López¹,

Hermosilla²,

Lai³

et al. 2011

Transactions of the ASABE

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ABSTRACT. There is need to identify and quantify the contribution of different sources to airborne particulate matter (PM) arge amounts of particulate matter (PM) are emitted from animal houses, which can compromise animal and human respiratory health (Radon et al., 2001;Zuskin et al., 1995) and the environment as well. The scientific community and stakeholders (farmers and local authorities) are seeking technically feasible and economically viable solutions to reduce these emissions to comply with air quality regulations. Preventing dust release from its source not only reduces emissions from the animal house but improves the indoor climate as well. To develop such reduction techniques, it is necessary to identify and quantify the sources that contribute to PM in animal houses.A complete assessment can be achieved by quantifying PM contributions from each source according to particle numbers and mass. Knowledge of the relationship between particle number and mass contributions is essential because it gives an insight into particle size and morphology related to different particle types (sources). Moreover, particle size and morphology are related to a particle's aerodynamic behavior, which is closely related to lung deposition mechanisms in the human airways: inertial impaction, sedimentation, interception, and diffusion (Zhang, 2004). Although current European and U.S. regulations set limits to PM concentrations based on mass, a mass-only approach to reduce PM would have very little effect on the number concentrations of smaller particles found in the fine fraction. This fraction contains fine and ultra-fine particles that pose greater risks of adverse health effects because these particles can go beyond the larynx and penetrate into the unciliated respiratory system (CEN, 1993). The control of particles larger than 2.5 mm in diameter, however, is also relevant, because these particles can also cause adverse health effects through deposition in the upper respiratory airways. Furthermore, particles larger than 2 mm in diameter found in animal houses have been shown to contain high amounts of odorants (Cai et al., 2006) and micro-organisms (Lee et al., 2006). Consequently, both PM number and mass concentrations should be measured to tackle PM pollution related issues within animal houses, to develop reduction techniques, and to assess their effects.Analytical methods used to characterize PM, such as microscopic analysis, can supply useful but limited data on particle or source chemical composition and morphological characteristics. To further identify and quantify source contributions, source apportionment models can be used. These models are versatile because they can be used in different scenarios (Watson et al., 2002). L

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Section: Mass Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter Emitted from Poultry and Pig Houses: Source Identification and Quantification

Cambra‐López¹,

Hermosilla²,

Lai³

et al. 2011

Transactions of the ASABE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Leith-Wagner (Ott et al 2008) or Sigma-2 devices], which are based on the sedimentation principle (Stokes' law). The Sigma-2 sampler, for example, collects particles in the 2.5-100 μm size range and is used for routine air-quality measurements, monitoring of particle concentrations in time intervals of days to weeks (Norra et al 2007), and collection of samples for subsequent chemical and isotopic analyses.…”

Section: Monitoring and Sampling Of Urban Aerosol Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Particles in the Urban Environment

et al. 2010

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“…Particles with a diameter less than 10 μm are classified as PM 10 . Particles with diameters between PM 10 and PM 2.5 are defined as the coarse fraction [4,5]. PM 2.5 includes all particles with diameters less than 2.5 μm, also known as fine particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Airborne Particles Collected from Car Engine Air Filters Using SEM and EDX Techniques

Rivera

Rodriguez

2016

IJERPH

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Particulate matter accumulated on car engine air-filters (CAFs) was examined in order to investigate the potential use of these devices as efficient samplers for collecting street level air that people are exposed to. The morphology, microstructure, and chemical composition of a variety of particles were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). The particulate matter accumulated by the CAFs was studied in two categories; the first was of removed particles by friction, and the second consisted of particles retained on the filters. Larger particles with a diameter of 74–10 µm were observed in the first category. In the second one, the detected particles had a diameter between 16 and 0.7 µm. These particles exhibited different morphologies and composition, indicating mostly a soil origin. The elemental composition revealed the presence of three groups: mineral (clay and asphalt), metallic (mainly Fe), and biological particles (vegetal and animal debris). The palynological analysis showed the presence of pollen grains associated with urban plants. These results suggest that CAFs capture a mixture of atmospheric particles, which can be analyzed in order to monitor urban air. Thus, the continuous availability of large numbers of filters and the retroactivity associated to the car routes suggest that these CAFs are very useful for studying the high traffic zones within a city.

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Passive measurement of coarse particulate matter,

Cited by 48 publications

References 25 publications

Particulate Matter Emitted from Poultry and Pig Houses: Source Identification and Quantification

Particulate Matter Emitted from Poultry and Pig Houses: Source Identification and Quantification

Airborne Particles in the Urban Environment

Characterization of Airborne Particles Collected from Car Engine Air Filters Using SEM and EDX Techniques

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