Passive mode locking in erbium fiber lasers with negative group delay

Fermann, M. E.; Andrejco, M. J.; Stock, M. L.; Silberberg, Yaron; Weiner, Andrew M.

doi:10.1063/1.108516

Cited by 53 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This strongly indicates that the growing strength of the dispersive wave may be the mode-locking destabilizing factor. [343] Generally, soliton sideband generation arising from periodic cavity perturbations plays a major role in limiting the stability of fiber ring lasers when L ¼ 1Z 0 or 2Z 0 (where L and Z 0 are the cavity length and soliton period, respectively) [334,336] or the nonlinear phase shift per cavity round-trip approaches 3p/2. [337] Assuming a 600 fs average pulse duration inside the cavity, the soliton period, as defined by Equation 4, is Z 0 ¼ 6.55m.…”

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Nanotube–Polymer Composites for Ultrafast Photonics

et al. 2009

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Polymer composites are one of the most attractive near‐term means to exploit the unique properties of carbon nanotubes and graphene. This is particularly true for composites aimed at electronics and photonics, where a number of promising applications have already been demonstrated. One such example is nanotube‐based saturable absorbers. These can be used as all‐optical switches, optical amplifier noise suppressors, or mode‐lockers to generate ultrashort laser pulses. Here, we review various aspects of fabrication, characterization, device implementation and operation of nanotube‐polymer composites to be used in photonic applications. We also summarize recent results on graphene‐based saturable absorbers for ultrafast lasers.

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confidence: 99%

Nanotube–Polymer Composites for Ultrafast Photonics

et al. 2009

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“…The Kelly sidebands mainly contribute to the strong pedestal spanning almost 40 ps. The corresponding time-bandwidth product of 0.47 is typical for soliton fiber lasers [30] and suggests that the observed solitons are slightly chirped. When assuming the Fourier-limited pulse duration of 560 fs and a pulse energy of 860 pJ (see Fig.…”

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confidence: 97%

Low noise, tunable Ho:fiber soliton oscillator for Ho:YLF amplifier seeding

Ruehl

Bransley

et al. 2016

Laser Phys. Lett.

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Abstract:We present a passively mode-locked, tunable soliton Ho:fiber ring oscillator, optimized for seeding of Ho:YLF amplifiers. The oscillator is independently tunable in central wavelength and spectral width from 2040 nm to 2070 nm and from 5 nm to 10 nm, respectively. At all settings the pulse energy within the soliton is around 800 pJ. The soliton oscillator was optimized to fully meets the spectral requirements for seeding Ho:YLF amplifiers. Its Kelly sidebands are located outside the amplifier gain spectrum, resulting in a train of about 1 ps long pedestal-free pulses with relative intensity noise (RIN) of only 0.13 % RMS when integrated from 1 Hz to Nyquist frequency.

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“…In the absence of bandwidth limitations other than from the gain medium, i.e., when the pulse widths are limited by energy loss to the continuum, the minimum nonlinear phase shift is ഠp (Refs. [4][5][6] and nearly independent of cavity dispersion. The pulse width t then scales with p jD 2 j, whereas the pulse energy W scales with p jD 2 j͞L, where D 2 is the total cavity dispersion and L is the fiber length.…”

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“…1. The environmentally stable cavity design was based on polarization-maintaining erbium-doped fiber with a beat length at 1.55 mm of 7 mm, a doping level of 300 parts in 10 6 Er 31 , a numerical aperture NA 0.20, and a core radius of 2.8 mm. For Kerr mode locking a linear phase delay for waves propagating along the two erbium fiber axes could be incorporated by l͞2 and l͞4 wave plates, as shown.…”

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Environmentally stable high-power soliton fiber lasers that use chirped fiber Bragg gratings

Fermann¹,

Sugden²,

Bennion³

1995

Opt. Lett.

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Environmentally stable high-power erbium f iber soliton lasers are constructed by Kerr or carrier-type mode locking. We obtain high-energy pulses by using relatively short f iber lengths and providing large amounts of negative dispersion with chirped f iber Bragg gratings. The pulse energies and widths generated with both types of soliton laser are found to scale with the square root of the cavity dispersion. Kerr mode locking requires pulses with an approximately three times higher nonlinear phase shift in the cavity than carrier mode locking, which leads to the generation of slightly shorter pulses with as much as seven times higher pulse energies at the mode-locking threshold. © 1995 Optical Society of America With the development of highly chirped fiber Bragg gratings 1,2 (CFBG's) a wide-ranging control of pulse widths in fiber laser systems by dispersive means has become possible. This is particularly valuable in all-f iber chirped-pulse amplification systems, which permit the construction of compact high-power sources of femtosecond pulses. CFBG's (providing large amounts of negative dispersion) have also found applications as intracavity elements in fiber oscillators 4 and have permitted the construction of Kerr mode-locked erbium fiber soliton lasers that generate picosecond pulses with pulse energies as high as 10 nJ without the use of any amplif iers. 5Such high pulse energies may be generated, since Kerr mode-locked soliton lasers follow simple scaling laws. Typically a certain minimum nonlinear phase shift is required in the cavity to provide a suff icient amount of amplitude modulation and soliton shaping to keep the pulses stable. In the absence of bandwidth limitations other than from the gain medium, i.e., when the pulse widths are limited by energy loss to the continuum, the minimum nonlinear phase shift is ഠp (Refs. 4-6) and nearly independent of cavity dispersion. The pulse width t then scales with p jD 2 j, whereas the pulse energy W scales with p jD 2 j͞L, where D 2 is the total cavity dispersion and L is the fiber length.Any practical applications of such lasers require that they be insensitive to temperature and pressure variations and that a reproducible procedure for the initiation of mode locking be found. By using polarization-maintaining erbium in part of the cavity and a compensation scheme for linear and nonlinear polarization evolution in the fibers, 7 we demonstrate the feasibility of such environmentally stable highpower picosecond fiber soliton lasers for the first time to our knowledge, in which we show that reliable pulse start-up is obtained by a modulation of the fiber lengths.We also investigate the performance of these laser systems in the presence of dominant carrier mode locking, since the pulses produced are in the picosecond regime and should also be reachable by this slower amplitude-modulation process. We show that at least in the picosecond regime both Kerr and carrier mode-locked soliton lasers can produce similar pulse widths and follow similar scaling laws, as so...

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Passive mode locking in erbium fiber lasers with negative group delay

Cited by 53 publications

References 12 publications

Nanotube–Polymer Composites for Ultrafast Photonics

Nanotube–Polymer Composites for Ultrafast Photonics

Low noise, tunable Ho:fiber soliton oscillator for Ho:YLF amplifier seeding

Environmentally stable high-power soliton fiber lasers that use chirped fiber Bragg gratings

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