Passive monitoring techniques for evaluating atmospheric ozone and nitrogen exposure and deposition to California ecosystems

Fenn, Mark E.; Bytnerowicz, Andrzej; Schilling, Susan

doi:10.2737/psw-gtr-257

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…KCl for nitrogen extraction (Fenn et al, 2002;Garcia-Gomez et al, 2016;Hoffman et al, 2019), but also combinations of either KI, HNO3, NaCl, H2SO4 and HCl were used (Van Dam et al, 1991;Kohler et al, 2012;Brumbaugh et al, 2016;Fenn et al, 2018). The KCl extraction method and the KI extraction method do not allow measurements of K deposition and are, as high dissolved salt solutions, problematic for measurements using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometers (ICP-AES) (Hislop and Hornbeck, 2002;Brumbaugh et al, 2016).…”

Section: The Recovery Efficiency Can Be Optimized By the Use Of Diffe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testing Ion Exchange Resin for quantifying bulk and throughfall deposition of macro and micro-elements on forests

Vos,

de Vries,

Veen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Abstract. Atmospheric deposition is a major nutrient influx in ecosystems and high anthropogenic deposition may disrupt ecosystem functioning. Quantification of the deposition flux is required to understand the impact of such anthropogenic pollution. However, current methods to measure nutrient deposition are costly, labor intensive and potentially inaccurate. Ion Exchange Resin (IER) appears a promising cost-and labor-effective method. The IER-method is potentially suited for deposition measurements on coarse time scales and for areas with little rainfall and/or low elemental concentrations. The accuracy of the IER-method is, however, hardly classified beyond nitrogen. We tested the IER-method for bulk deposition and throughfall measurements of macro and micro-elements, assessing resin adsorption capacity, recovery efficiency, and field behavior. We show that IER is able to adsorb 100 % of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, Zn and NO3 and >96 % of P and Na. Loading the resin beyond the capacity resulted mainly in losses of Na, P, NH4 while losses of Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn and Zn were hardly detected. Heat (40 °C), drought and frost (-15 °C) reduced the adsorption of P by 25 %. Recovery was close to 100 % for NH4 and NO3 using KCl (1 or 2M) while high (83–93 %) recoveries of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn and S were found using HCl as an extractant (2–4M). We found good agreement between the conventional and the IER-method for field conditions. Overall, IER is a powerful tool for the measurement of atmospheric deposition of a broad range of elements as the measurements showed high accuracy. The IER-method has therefore the potential to expand current monitoring networks and increase the number of sampling sites.

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Section: The Recovery Efficiency Can Be Optimized By the Use Of Diffe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IER-method is most commonly used for NH4 and NO3 measurements (Fenn et al, 2002;Fenn and Poth, 2004;Fang et al, 2011;Kohler et al, 2012;Clow et al, 2015;Garcia-Gomez et al, 2016;Hoffman et al, 2019), but few studies reported measurements of other elements (e.g. S, K, Ca, Mg, Na and Cl) (Van Dam et al, 1987;Simkin et al, 2004;Fenn et al, 2018).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Ion Exchange Resin for quantifying bulk and throughfall deposition of macro and micro-elements on forests

Vos,

de Vries,

Veen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Ion exchange resin (IER) columns can be placed in open areas (outside the forest) to measure bulk deposition or beneath the canopy to measure throughfall, which as in the case of classical water throughfall collectors, provide estimates of wet plus dry deposition since particulates settle on leaves and get washed into collectors when there is precipitation ( [41] and reference therein). A number of studies showed that quantification of nitrogen deposition fluxes based on the IER method was comparable to that obtained from traditional water collection [37,39,41]. The advantage of using the IER method is that it allows for greater site replication since it requires fewer sampling times compared to the traditional approach that requires weekly collections.…”

Section: Quantifying and Monitoring Atmospheric Nitrogen Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it has been shown that the IER approach could overestimate NH 4 -N deposition, due to the release of NH 4 + from the amine compounds from the anion exchange resin polymer, but it could underestimate NH 4 -N deposition during heavy rain events. We recommend that readers read relevant studies by Fenn and Poth [37], García-Gomez et al [39], and Fenn et al [41] for more details on the limitations of the IER approach, as well as recommendations to improve quantification of inorganic nitrogen deposition with this approach.…”

Section: Quantifying and Monitoring Atmospheric Nitrogen Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of networks have been established to monitor gaseous reactive nitrogen, with particular focus on ammonia-see e.g., Ammonia Monitoring Network (AMoN) in the USA (in addition to CASTNET Estimating dry nitrogen deposition is more complex than what we described already for wet deposition and involves measurements and modeling approaches. At the monitoring sites where concentrations of gaseous nitrogen compounds are measured (commonly with passive samplers, filter packs, denuders [41,47,50]), dry deposition can be estimated by using inferential modeling approach, which consider the deposition velocities of a given compound in relation to the landuse and the vegetation type, but also canopy conductance [46,51]. Dry deposition can also be estimated by considering the differences in ion concentrations between bulk vs. throughfall water fluxes in the so-called canopy budget model ( [52], ref.…”

Section: Quantifying and Monitoring Atmospheric Nitrogen Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Canopy Exchange and Modification of Nitrogen Fluxes in Forest Ecosystems

2021

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Purpose of Review We provide an overview of the main processes occurring during the interactions between atmospheric nitrogen and forest canopies, by bringing together what we have learned in recent decades, identifying knowledge gaps, and how they can be addressed with future research thanks to new technologies and approaches. Recent Findings There is mounting evidence that tree canopies retain a significant percentage of incoming atmospheric nitrogen, a process involving not only foliage, but also branches, microbes, and epiphytes (and their associated micro-environments). A number of studies have demonstrated that some of the retained nitrogen can be assimilated by foliage, but more studies are needed to better quantify its contribution to plant metabolism and how these fluxes vary across different forest types. By merging different approaches (e.g., next-generation sequence analyzes and stable isotopes, particularly oxygen isotope ratios) it is now possible to unveil the highly diverse microbial communities hidden in forest canopies and their ability to process atmospheric nitrogen through processes such as nitrification and nitrogen fixation. Future work should address the contribution of both foliar nitrogen uptake and biological transformations within forest canopies to whole ecosystem nitrogen cycling budgets. Summary Scientists have studied for decades the role of forest canopies in altering nitrogen derived from atmospheric inputs before they reach the forest floor, showing that tree canopies are not just passive filters for precipitation water and dissolved nutrients. We now have the technological capability to go beyond an understanding of tree canopy itself to better elucidate its role as sink or source of nutrients, as well as the epiphytes and microbial communities hidden within them.

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Proximity to Roads Does Not Modify Inorganic Nitrogen Deposition in a Topographically Complex, High Traffic, Subalpine Forest

Rocci,

Cotrufo,

Baron

2023

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Passive monitoring techniques for evaluating atmospheric ozone and nitrogen exposure and deposition to California ecosystems

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Testing Ion Exchange Resin for quantifying bulk and throughfall deposition of macro and micro-elements on forests

Testing Ion Exchange Resin for quantifying bulk and throughfall deposition of macro and micro-elements on forests

Canopy Exchange and Modification of Nitrogen Fluxes in Forest Ecosystems

Proximity to Roads Does Not Modify Inorganic Nitrogen Deposition in a Topographically Complex, High Traffic, Subalpine Forest

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