“…An initial increase in oxygenation is common when engaging in demanding tasks and an eventual decrease in oxygenation is not unexpected in a vigilance task (Bogler, Mehnert, Steinbrink & Haynes, 2014;de Joux et al, 2015a;de Joux et al, 2013;Derosière, Mandrick, Dray, Ward & Perrey, 2013;Hancock, 2015;Jeroski, Miller, Langhals & Tripp, 2014;Shaw et al, 2013). Researchers have noted that many vigilance tasks are often characterized by an early stage of passive perceptual learning (Ong, Russell, & Helton, 2013;Head & Helton, 2015). In this initial stage, frontal activation should be elevated and then activity should decline with experience with the task.…”