Passive sampling: An effective method for monitoring seasonal and spatial variability of dissolved hydrophobic organic contaminants and metals in the Danube river

Vrana, Branislav; Klučárová, Veronika; Benická, Eva; Abou-Mrad, Ninette; Amdany, Robert Kipruto; Horakova, Sona; Draxler, Astrid; Humer, Franko; Gans, O.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.08.018

Cited by 72 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, the PAH levels in the present study were much higher than those in the Pearl River Estuary , the Niagara River (Michor et al, 1996), the Danube River (Maldonado et al, 1999), the lower reach of the Mississippi River (Mitra and Bianchi, 2003), and the lower Brisbane River (Shaw et al, 2004). For the freely dissolved concentrations of P 16 PAHs, the levels in this study were much higher than those in the Danube River (Vrana et al, 2014) and the Seine River (Bourgeault and Gourlay-Francé, 2013), but were comparable to the levels in the Morava River (Prokeš et al, 2012), and were lower than the levels in the Willamette River (USA) (Sower and Anderson, 2008).…”

Section: Comparison With Other Riverscontrasting

confidence: 78%

Effect of water–sediment regulation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir on the concentrations, bioavailability, and fluxes of PAHs in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River

Dong

Xia

Wang³

et al. 2015

Journal of Hydrology

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Keywords:Bioavailability Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Suspended sediment (SPS) Dams Water conservation project Water quality s u m m a r yThe water-sediment regulation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir is conducted to control the relationship between riverine runoff and sediment transport of the Yellow River; however, there is no research about the effect of water-sediment regulation on the bioavailability and fluxes of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs). In this study, water and suspended sediment (SPS) samples were collected downstream of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir before, during, and after the water-sediment regulation in 2013. The 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations of freely dissolved, total dissolved, and SPS-associated were determined. During water regulation, water discharged from the reservoir at a high flow rate led to the resuspension of downstream sediment. During sediment regulation, the sediment ejected from the reservoir resulted in higher SPS concentrations than that during water regulation. Both the freely and total dissolved PAH concentrations in river water during sediment regulation were the highest, followed by the concentrations during water regulation and before regulation. The freely dissolved PAH concentrations in river water during the water-sediment regulation were 2-11 times higher than those before water-sediment regulation. This was due to the fact that the resuspended sediment during water-sediment regulation could release PAHs into water phase, and more contaminants were released from the SPS during sediment regulation than during water regulation. The fluxes of sediment and the 16 priority PAHs (R 16 PAHs) during water-sediment regulation contributed to 32.4% and 35.7% of their annual fluxes, respectively, which were higher than the contribution (22.6%) of water discharge. This study suggested that the water-sediment regulation might reduce the long-term retention of sediment and PAHs in the reservoir. However, the environmental risk of PAHs as well as other contaminants downstream of the reservoir and in the estuary might increase during that period. Therefore, the effect of water-sediment regulation on the bioavailability and environmental risk of HOCs should be considered in the operation and management of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir in the future.

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Section: Comparison With Other Riverscontrasting

confidence: 78%

Effect of water–sediment regulation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir on the concentrations, bioavailability, and fluxes of PAHs in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River

Dong

Xia

Wang³

et al. 2015

Journal of Hydrology

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“…Concentrations of the compounds ranged from a low of 0.038 ng•ℓ -1 in winter to a high of 0.150 ng•ℓ -1 in summer. These concentrations were comparable to those obtained by Vrana et al (2014) ). Clearly, PCB levels in summer were significantly higher than those recorded in all of the other seasons.…”

supporting

confidence: 76%

Investigating the temporal trends in PAH, PCB and OCP concentrations in Hartbeespoort Dam, South Africa, using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs)

Amdany

Chimuka

Cukrowska

et al. 2014

WSA

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The seasonal variability of persistent organic pollutants in Hartbeespoort Dam, South Africa, was investigated using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) as passive samplers. Freely dissolved waterborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were sampled to investigate seasonal changes in their concentrations. Exposure of the passive samplers was done for 14 days at the same sampling site in each of the four seasons of the year, in 2011. The SPMD-derived analyte amounts enabled the calculation of time-weighted averages of free dissolved waterborne levels of the contaminants. Concentrations ranged from 30.0 ng•ℓ -1 to 51.5 ng•ℓ -1 for PAHs, 38 pg ℓ -1 to 150 pg•ℓ -1 for PCBs, 9.2 to 10.4 ng•ℓ -1 for HCHs and 0.3 to 0.8 ng•ℓ -1 for DDTs, respectively. It was also noted that the winter season generally exhibited higher contaminant concentrations for most compounds studied, which likely reflects the seasonality of their atmospheric deposition. An attempt was also made to identify possible sources of PAH contaminants in the dam by examining PAH ratios. These diagnostic ratios were inclined towards pyrogenic sources of pollution, except for the winter season where both pyrogenic and petrogenic sources likely contribute to the contamination pattern.

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“…Thus, 2-ring PAHs are most abundant followed by 3-ring PAHs with 6-ring PAHs the least dominant. The distribution shown in Figure 4 is similar to what has been reported by Vrana et al (34). Vrana et al (34) used passive sampling to monitor seasonal and spatial variability of dissolved organic contaminants and metals in the Danube River.…”

Section: Bioavailable Pahs In Watersupporting

confidence: 73%

Status of PAHs in Environmental Compartments of South Africa: A Country Report

Chimuka

Sibiya

Amdany

et al. 2015

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

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This article covers the status of PAH concentrations and composition patterns in surface water, air, sediment, and soil samples from South Africa. Despite South Africa being one of the largest economies in Africa, it is only recently that researchers have reported the presence and possible sources of these compounds in various environmental compartments. This article discusses the potential hotspots and possible sources of these compounds. It also compares the total PAH concentrations and percentage composition patterns of the individual PAHs. So far, total concentrations of five PAHs determined in sediment samples from the Johannesburg area, Gauteng Province, gave the highest concentrations ranging from 1233-136, 276 μg kg −1 . The total concentration of six PAHs found in runoff water from the Venda region of the Limpopo Province, gave the highest concentration with a range of 28.7-3192.6 μg L −1 . The decreasing order of percentage composition of PAHs in water samples tended to follow 3-ring > 4-ring > 2-ring PAHs. In soil samples the decreasing order of percentage composition followed 4-ring > 3-ring > 5-ring > 2-ring > 6-ring PAHs. The total freely dissolved PAHs followed solubility of the compounds with 2-ring > 3-ring > 4-ring > 5-ring > 6-ring PAHs. Some of the identified sources of PAHs using molecular ratios include petrogenic emissions such as from petroleum combustion from vehicles and pyrolytic sources such as coal combustion by coal powered power stations, as well as iron and steel production industries. Oil spills were also identified as major PAH contributor in runoff water from the Venda region of the Limpopo Province.

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Passive sampling: An effective method for monitoring seasonal and spatial variability of dissolved hydrophobic organic contaminants and metals in the Danube river

Cited by 72 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of water–sediment regulation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir on the concentrations, bioavailability, and fluxes of PAHs in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River

Effect of water–sediment regulation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir on the concentrations, bioavailability, and fluxes of PAHs in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River

Investigating the temporal trends in PAH, PCB and OCP concentrations in Hartbeespoort Dam, South Africa, using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs)

Status of PAHs in Environmental Compartments of South Africa: A Country Report

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