Passive smoking, allergic rhinitis and nasal obstruction in children

De, Sujata; Fenton, John E.; Jones, A. S.; Clarke, R. W.

doi:10.1258/002221505775010896

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Children may inhale SHS through the mouth because of nasal congestion [45], and breastfeeding from a mother who smokes may result in toxic substances being delivered to the child’s mouth [46]. Tobacco smoking was associated with elevated levels of S. mutans and lactobacilli in saliva [47].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Secondhand Smoke Affect the Development of Dental Caries in Children? A Systematic Review

Hanioka

Ojima

Tanaka

et al. 2011

IJERPH

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This review evaluated evidence of the relationship between secondhand smoke (SHS) and dental caries in children in epidemiological studies. Relevant literature was searched and screened, and the methodological quality was assessed. The search yielded 42 citations. High-quality studies including one cohort format and 14 case-control format studies were selected. Early childhood caries was examined in 11 studies. The independent association of SHS was significant in 10 studies, and the strength was mostly weak to moderate. One study did not select SHS as a significant variable. Three studies reported decreases in the risk of previous exposure, and the association was not significant. Dose-response relationships were evident in five studies. Permanent teeth were examined in seven studies. Five studies reported significant associations, which were mostly weak. The risk of previous exposure remained similar to that of current exposure, and a dose-response relationship was not evident in one study. The overall evidence for the causal association in early childhood caries is possible regarding epidemiological studies, and the evidence of permanent teeth and the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy were insufficient. The results warrant further studies of deciduous teeth using a cohort format and basic studies regarding the underlying mechanism.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Secondhand Smoke Affect the Development of Dental Caries in Children? A Systematic Review

Hanioka

Ojima

Tanaka

et al. 2011

IJERPH

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“…• rhinitis 47 and nasal obstruction, 192 • tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, and placement of pressure-equalizing tubes, 168,179,180,193,194 and…”

Section: Effects On the Child Of Shs Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Secondhand and Prenatal Tobacco Smoke Exposure

Best¹

2009

Pediatrics

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Secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure of children and their families causes significant morbidity and mortality. In their personal and professional roles, pediatricians have many opportunities to advocate for elimination of SHS exposure of children, to counsel tobacco users to quit, and to counsel children never to start. This report discusses the harms of tobacco use and SHS exposure, the extent and costs of tobacco use and SHS exposure, and the evidence that supports counseling and other clinical interventions in the cycle of tobacco use. Recommendations for future research, policy, and clinical practice change are discussed. To improve understanding and provide support for these activities, the harms of SHS exposure are discussed, effective ways to eliminate or reduce SHS exposure are presented, and policies that support a smoke-free environment are outlined.

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“…However, although we excluded potential confounding factors (craniofacial, neuromuscular, syndromic or defined genetic abnormalities; previous adenoidectomy or sinonasal surgery; upper respiratory tract infection in the previous 14 days; and nasal malformations, polyposis or tumours), as well as children unable to cooperate during the clinical assessment, about 24% of the subjects were allergic and it has been reported that false positive results are significantly more frequent in children with allergies (50% vs. 22.4%, P = 0.009). This suggests that allergies should be considered among the causes of more anterior nasal obstructions that cannot be explained by adenoid size, particularly as it has been reported that nasal obstruction is significantly worse in children with AR than in those without [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the prevalence of false positive results was significantly higher in children with allergic rhinitis (AR) than in those without allergies, which indicates that AR may be a possible causative factor and therefore needs to be identified in order to stratify patients correctly and plan appropriate treatment. It has been found that nasal obstruction is significantly worse in children with AR than in those without [6], and that its appropriate treatment can prevent the development and reduce the severity [7] of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, which is frequent in children with enlarged adenoids [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%