We report on the generation of a passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) at 1567.6 nm, using aluminum nanoparticles (AlNPs) as a saturable absorber (SA). The synthesized film was fabricated by implanting AlNPs into polyvinyl alcohol as a host matrix. The SA thin film has a modulation depth of 7% and saturable intensity of 0.0015 MW cm −2 . A small piece of composite film was inserted between two fiber ferrules to initiate Q-switching in the EDFL. Upon reaching a pump threshold of 156 mW, a stable Q-switching was achieved. As the pump power is steadily tuned from 156-300 mW, the repetition rate changes from 34.13-48.8 kHz, while the corresponding pulse duration varies from 3.4-2.17 µs. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this the first demonstration of passive Q-switching employing an AlNP-based saturable absorber.