Past and Present of Reverse Genetics in Animal Virology with Special Reference to Non-Segmented Negative Stranded RNA Viruses: a Review

Kumaresan, G

doi:10.14737/journal.aavs/2014/2.3s.40.48

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…Reverse genetics is the term used to describe the recovery of recombinant viruses from their cloned cDNA [34]. Viruses generated by reverse genetics can be engineered to either encode desired mutations in the indigenous viral genes or express heterologous antigens as additional proteins.…”

Section: Reverse Genetics Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Prospects of Engineered Newcastle Disease Virus in Modern Vaccinology

Bello

Yusoff

Ideris

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Many traditional vaccines have proven to be incapable of controlling newly emerging infectious diseases. They have also achieved limited success in the fight against a variety of human cancers. Thus, innovative vaccine strategies are highly needed to overcome the global burden of these diseases. Advances in molecular biology and reverse genetics have completely restructured the concept of vaccinology, leading to the emergence of state-of-the-art technologies for vaccine design, development and delivery. Among these modern vaccine technologies are the recombinant viral vectored vaccines, which are known for their incredible specificity in antigen delivery as well as the induction of robust immune responses in the vaccinated hosts. Although a number of viruses have been used as vaccine vectors, genetically engineered Newcastle disease virus (NDV) possesses some useful attributes that make it a preferable candidate for vectoring vaccine antigens. Here, we review the molecular biology of NDV and discuss the reverse genetics approaches used to engineer the virus into an efficient vaccine vector. We then discuss the prospects of the engineered virus as an efficient vehicle of vaccines against cancer and several infectious diseases of man and animals.

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Section: Reverse Genetics Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Prospects of Engineered Newcastle Disease Virus in Modern Vaccinology

Bello

Yusoff

Ideris

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“…The latest strategy for the development of genotype-matched live attenuated ND vaccines is reverse genetics, which is the recovery of a recombinant virus from its cloned cDNA [ 161 ]. Since the major virulence determinant of NDV has been shown to be the F protein cleavage site [ 54 ] whose amino acid composition clearly distinguishes virulent (polybasic) from avirulent (monobasic) strains, reverse genetics can be used to generate genotype-matched ND vaccine, by modifying the cleavage site of the prevalent virulent NDV from polybasic to monobasic [ 162 ]. Using this approach, Xiao et al [ 163 ] genetically modified the F cleavage site of a highly virulent NDV circulating in Indonesia and showed that it completely lost its virulence and induces a superb protective immunity that significantly reduced virus shedding following challenge with a highly virulent wild type genotype VII NDV isolate.…”

Section: Vaccination Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another important application of this technology is in the generation of marker NDV vaccines able to differentiate vaccinated from the infected animals (DIVA). These DIVA vaccines represent an invaluable strategy for sustainable eradication of ND in poultry [ 162 ]. At present, reverse genetics-based vaccines are too expensive to develop, because of the high cost of sequencing and other molecular biology services.…”

Section: Vaccination Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic and Vaccination Approaches for Newcastle Disease Virus in Poultry: The Current and Emerging Perspectives

Bello

Yusoff

Ideris

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most devastating diseases that considerably cripple the global poultry industry. Because of its enormous socioeconomic importance and potential to rapidly spread to naïve birds in the vicinity, ND is included among the list of avian diseases that must be notified to the OIE immediately upon recognition. Currently, virus isolation followed by its serological or molecular identification is regarded as the gold standard method of ND diagnosis. However, this method is generally slow and requires specialised laboratory with biosafety containment facilities, making it of little relevance under epidemic situations where rapid diagnosis is seriously needed. Thus, molecular based diagnostics have evolved to overcome some of these difficulties, but the extensive genetic diversity of the virus ensures that isolates with mutations at the primer/probe binding sites escape detection using these assays. This diagnostic dilemma leads to the emergence of cutting-edge technologies such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) which have so far proven to be promising in terms of rapid, sensitive, and accurate recognition of virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates even in mixed infections. As regards disease control strategies, conventional ND vaccines have stood the test of time by demonstrating track record of protective efficacy in the last 60 years. However, these vaccines are unable to block the replication and shedding of most of the currently circulating phylogenetically divergent virulent NDV isolates. Hence, rationally designed vaccines targeting the prevailing genotypes, the so-called genotype-matched vaccines, are highly needed to overcome these vaccination related challenges. Among the recently evolving technologies for the development of genotype-matched vaccines, reverse genetics-based live attenuated vaccines obviously appeared to be the most promising candidates. In this review, a comprehensive description of the current and emerging trends in the detection, identification, and control of ND in poultry are provided. The strengths and weaknesses of each of those techniques are also emphasised.

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An overview of progress in the development of Newcastle disease vaccines, from empirical to rational design in modern vaccine development

Shafaati,

Hatami Giklou-Jajan,

Ebadi

et al. 2024

World's Poultry Science Journal

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Past and Present of Reverse Genetics in Animal Virology with Special Reference to Non-Segmented Negative Stranded RNA Viruses: a Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 102 publications

Exploring the Prospects of Engineered Newcastle Disease Virus in Modern Vaccinology

Exploring the Prospects of Engineered Newcastle Disease Virus in Modern Vaccinology

Diagnostic and Vaccination Approaches for Newcastle Disease Virus in Poultry: The Current and Emerging Perspectives

An overview of progress in the development of Newcastle disease vaccines, from empirical to rational design in modern vaccine development

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