Past intimate partner violence (<scp>IPV</scp>) predicts incident <scp>IPV</scp> during pregnancy and postpartum in pregnant women in Kisumu, Kenya

Oseso, Linda; Krakowiak, Daisy; Nduati, Ruth; Farquhar, Carey; Kinuthia, John; Osoti, Alfred; Guthrie, Brandon L.

doi:10.1002/ijgo.14107

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…Over a quarter of women of reproductive age in eastern Africa were estimated to have experienced IPV in the past year [ 26 , 52 , 53 ]; the prevalence of IPV among Kenyan pregnant women is estimated to be approximately 10%, with almost all perpetrators being a current or former husband or partner [ 54 ]. Among Kenyan women, previous experiences with IPV were strongly predictive of incident IPV during pregnancy and postpartum, and could serve as an important screening tool for women at increased risk of IPV [ 54 , 55 ]. A large meta‐analysis of psychological therapies for women experiencing IPV concluded that individualised counselling and therapy was beneficial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodevelopment of children who are HIV‐exposed and uninfected in Kenya

Bulterys,

Njuguna,

King'e

et al. 2023

J Int AIDS Soc.

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IntroductionPredictors of neurodevelopment among children who are HIV‐exposed uninfected (CHEU) are poorly understood.MethodsMothers with and without HIV and their children were enrolled during 6‐week postnatal care visits across seven sites in Kenya between March 2021 and June 2022. Infant neurodevelopment was assessed using the Malawi Developmental Assessment Tool, including social, language, fine motor and gross motor domains. We used multivariate linear mixed effects models to identify associations between 1‐year neurodevelopment scores, HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) exposures, and household factors, adjusted for potential confounders and clustered by the site.ResultsAt 1‐year evaluation, CHEU (n = 709) and children who are HIV‐unexposed uninfected (CHUU) (n = 715) had comparable median age (52 weeks) and sex distribution (49% vs. 52% female). Mothers living with HIV were older (31 vs. 27 years), had lower education (50% vs. 26% primary) and were more likely to be report moderate‐to‐severe food insecurity (26% vs. 9%) (p < 0.01 for all). Compared to CHUU, CHEU had higher language scores (adjusted coeff: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.39) and comparable social, fine and gross motor scores. Among all children, preterm birth was associated with lower gross motor scores (adjusted coeff: −1.38, 95% CI: −2.05, −0.71), food insecurity was associated with lower social scores (adjusted coeff: −0.37, 95% CI: −0.73, −0.01) and maternal report of intimate partner violence (IPV) was associated with lower fine motor (adjusted coeff: −0.76, 95% CI: −1.40, −0.13) and gross motor scores (adjusted coeff: −1.07, 95% CI: −1.81, −0.33). Among CHEU, in utero efavirenz (EFV) exposure during pregnancy was associated with lower gross motor scores compared to dolutegravir (DTG) exposure (adjusted coeff: −0.51, 95% CI: −1.01, −0.03). Lower fine and gross motor scores were also associated with having a single or widowed mother (adjusted coeff: −0.45, 95% CI: −0.87, −0.03) or a deceased or absent father (adjusted coeff: −0.81, 95% CI: −1.58, −0.05), respectively.ConclusionsBiologic and social factors were associated with child neurodevelopment. Despite socio‐demographic differences between CHEU and CHUU, 1‐year neurodevelopment was similar. Addressing IPV and food insecurity may provide benefits regardless of maternal HIV status. DTG use was associated with higher neurodevelopmental scores in CHEU, compared to EFV regimens, potentially contributing to a lack of neurodevelopmental difference between CHEU and CHUU.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodevelopment of children who are HIV‐exposed and uninfected in Kenya

Bulterys,

Njuguna,

King'e

et al. 2023

J Int AIDS Soc.

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Extended postpartum intimate partner violence and its associated factors: community-based cross-sectional study design

Wedajo,

Mamo,

Alemu

et al. 2023

BMC Women's Health

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Background Intimate partner violence is a global problem that threatens mothers. It has multidimensional consequences but has not gained attention from scholars after childbirth. Objective To assess the prevalence of extended postpartum intimate partner violence and its associated factors. Method A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed among 570 postpartum mothers in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia, from May 21st to June 21st, 2022. A pretested, face-to-face interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used. The level of statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05 with a 95% CI. Results Overall, the prevalence of extended postpartum intimate partner violence was 45% (95% CI: 40.89, 49.20). Participants whose husband has no formal education (AOR = 3.62; 95%CI: 1.32, 9.90) and only secondary education (AOR = 2.96; 95%CI: 1.56, 5.48), husband alcohol consumption (AOR = 1.73; 95%CI: 1.06, 2.80), husband dominance in decision-making (AOR = 1.94; 95%CI: 1.13, 3.33), husband disappointment in the gender of the baby (AOR = 2.13; 95%CI: 1.28, 3.56), previous history of intimate partner violence (AOR = 5.71; 95%CI: 3.59, 9.07), and low social support (AOR = 4.37; 95%CI: 2.53, 7.55) were significantly associated factors. Conclusions and recommendations The prevalence of extended postpartum intimate partner violence was found to be high. Thus, increasing awareness of husbands with no formal education and having lower academic achievement, incorporating maternal social support assessment into maternity and child health care; teaching on alcohol reduction behavior and gender roles; and screening of mothers during the prenatal period should be given.

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Past intimate partner violence (IPV) predicts incident IPV during pregnancy and postpartum in pregnant women in Kisumu, Kenya

Cited by 2 publications

References 23 publications

Neurodevelopment of children who are HIV‐exposed and uninfected in Kenya

Neurodevelopment of children who are HIV‐exposed and uninfected in Kenya

Extended postpartum intimate partner violence and its associated factors: community-based cross-sectional study design

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