2004
DOI: 10.1191/0959683604hl728rp
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Past monsoon rainfall variations in peninsular India recorded in a 331-year-old speleothem

Abstract: An actively growing stalagmite collected from a cave located in the hills of the Western Ghats in the Uttar Kannada District of Karnataka, India, has been studied for stable isotope ratios of oxygen and carbon, width of growth layers and grey-level changes. Distinct carbonate layers, alternate coarse and compact, are seen in cross-section. Each couplet of compact and coarse layer is found to represent a single year. A total of 331 such couplets has been counted, indicating that the stalagmite started growing i… Show more

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Cited by 117 publications
(73 citation statements)
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“…The speleothem data e.g. in southern and eastern China, Oman and India (Wang et al, 2001;Fleitmann et al, 2004;Yadava et al, 2004) have helped to demonstrate the sensitivity of monsoonal delivery of rainfall to subtle external drivers, as well as to the amplification by large-scale reorganization of the climate system that accompanied glacial-interglacial fluctuations. More generally, in tropical to sub-tropical areas, the long-term migration of the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) can be sensitively recorded by episodes of speleothem growth (e.g.…”
Section: Atmospheric Circulation (Meteorology and Short-term Climate)mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The speleothem data e.g. in southern and eastern China, Oman and India (Wang et al, 2001;Fleitmann et al, 2004;Yadava et al, 2004) have helped to demonstrate the sensitivity of monsoonal delivery of rainfall to subtle external drivers, as well as to the amplification by large-scale reorganization of the climate system that accompanied glacial-interglacial fluctuations. More generally, in tropical to sub-tropical areas, the long-term migration of the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) can be sensitively recorded by episodes of speleothem growth (e.g.…”
Section: Atmospheric Circulation (Meteorology and Short-term Climate)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A number of authors (e.g. Hellstrom et al, 1998;Plagnes et al, 2002;Genty et al, 2003;Fleitmann et al, 2004;Yadava et al, 2004;Lachniet et al, 2004) have also drawn attention to climatic controls of covariation of the isotope species over time. For example, in regions where the amount effect is strong, reduced rainfall leads to heavier δ 18 O values which may be further enhanced by evaporation within the cave in correlation with δ 13 C (Fleitmann et al, 2004).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The data thus generated has helped document the fluctuations in the past monsoon strength both in space and time. Different proxies such as planktic/benthic foraminiferal abundances, their stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios [18,19,21,23,24,76,77], varved sediments [41,42], speleothems [2,[29][30][31][32], tree-rings [79], δ 13 C and δ 15 N of lacustrine and marine organic matter [10,73,[80][81][82][83], and pollen records [84,85] have been used to obtain paleomonsoon records with different resolutions. A few of the important proxies and their significance are shown in Table 2.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The surface productivity that manifests itself in many forms such as organic, calcareous, and siliceous productivity, also affects the carbon isotopic composition of the seawater, which is preserved in the calcitic ; RC27-23 [73]; 723A [19,20]; 63KA [44]; 39KG/56KA [41]; 136KL [40]; 3268G5 [21]; SK145-9 [23]; GC-5 [22]; SS3827G [24]; 126KL [36]; 31/11 [37]. Circles represent terrestrial speleothem records: Qunf [32]; Akalagavi [31]; Gupteswar, Dandak [30]; Sota [86]; Timta [87].…”
Section: Monsoon and Associated Oceanographic Effects Frommentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The strong relationship between stalagmite growth rate and grey level indicates that increasing stalagmite growth rates may decrease detrital particle contents per unit volume of carbonate deposition. Furthermore, the high drip rate does not provide sufficient time for the detrital particles to become trapped, these particles are removed by the splashing of the next drip, which, in turn, results in high grey levels (whitish in colour) 19 . The grey level of stalagmite NJ1 closely correlates with the October rainfall amount (Table 2 and Fig.…”
Section: Comparisons Of Grey Level To Instrumental Datamentioning
confidence: 99%