Pasta blanqueada y azúcares fermentables a partir de médula de bagazo de caña

Abstract

ResumenLa médula del bagazo de caña es un residuo subaprovechado que se produce en gran cantidad en los ingenios azucareros y en las fábricas de papel. Es una mezcla de células de parénquima, vasos y pequeñas fibras. Su contenido de carbohidratos y lignina es similar a la fracción fibra. Con el propósito de aprovechar este considerable contenido de carbohidratos, se aplicaron a la médula dos procesos distintos: Pulpeo-blanqueo, hidrólisis enzimática. El primer caso se aplicó prehidrólisis, pulpeo químico, blanqueo y refinación, obteniendo pulpa de médula blanqueada con 68% ISO de blancura y 0,38% de lignina residual. El mayor incremento en resistencia (77,6% de aumento en índice de tensión, IT) fue con la incorporación de 30% de pulpa de médula blanqueada sin refinar, mientras que con 10% de pulpa de médula blanqueada refinada, el IT se incrementó en 43,8%. En el segundo caso, se trató enzimáticamente la médula. Con 6 h de hidrólisis se obtuvo 86,6% de rendimiento en azúcares fermentables tanto para pulpa de médula cocida como para pulpa de médula blanqueada, lo que representa cerca del 100% de hidrólisis de los carbohidratos presentes en el sustrato, lo cual es significativo ya que el rendimiento en azúcares fermentables de médula sin tratar fue de solo 26,1%.Palabras clave: blanqueo, material de compuesto, morfología, parénquima, sosa-AQ. AbstRActPith bagasse is a sub-exploited residue produced in large quantities in sugar mills and paper mills. It is a mixture of parenchyma cells, vessels and small-size cellulose fibers. The content of carbohydrates and lignin in pith is similar to the fiber fraction. In order to take advantage of this significant carbohydrate content, two distinct processes were applied to the pith material: Pulping-bleaching, and enzymatic hydrolysis. In the first case the pith was treated with pre-hydrolysis, soda pulping, bleaching and beating process, obtaining bleached pith-pulp with 68% ISO brightness and 0,38% of residual lignin. The largest increase in strength (77,6% increase in tensile index, IT) happened when 30% of this unbeaten pulp was added to paperboard, while with 10% of refined bleached pulp, IT increased in 43,8%. In the second, the pith was enzymatically hydrolyzed. In 6 h of hydrolysis a yield of 86,6% of fermentable sugars was obtained in both, cooked pith-pulp and bleached pith-pulp, close to 100% hydrolysis of carbohydrates present in the substrate, which is significant because the yield of fermentable sugars from untreated pith was only 26,1%.

Towards Sustainable Production: The Case of the Manufacturing Industry in Colombia and México

“…These efforts are directed in two lines, the first and most abundant is the analysis of new materials that meet the same characteristics of the usual raw materials, but have a lower impact on the environment during their extraction process. This lesser impact is either because they are considered a waste of a different production process, such as the surplus in the avocado plantation (Fuentes-Talavera, et al, 2011), the sugarcane bagasse (Vargas-Radillo, et al, 2015), the PET used in the manufacture of packaging (Jaramillo, et al, 2014) or the vegetables waste from markets (Mantilla, et al, 2010). In this type of research, we have detected compatibilities between the physicochemical characteristics of the materials that would allow them to be used in specific products such as the construction of light structures, the production of paper pulp or biofertilizers.…”

Modeling and Kinetic Parameter Estimation of the Enzymatic Hydrolysis Process of Lignocellulosic Materials for Glucose Production

“…1 Current studies aim to reuse lignocellulosic biomass for energy cogeneration in sugar and ethanol production plants, as well as to obtain value-added products. 2 The use and recycling of lignocellulosic biomass are expected to reduce environmental problems related to improper disposal of agroindustrial waste and add value to the constituents of lignocellulosic materials. One way of processing these agroindustrial wastes is through enzymatic hydrolysis, which is applied in areas such as biotechnology, applied microbiology, and molecular biochemistry, as well as in the food, fuel, and agriculture industries.…”

“…The competitiveness in food production and the need to reduce greenhouse gases have driven the development of lignocellulosic biomass conversion technologies . Current studies aim to reuse lignocellulosic biomass for energy cogeneration in sugar and ethanol production plants, as well as to obtain value-added products . The use and recycling of lignocellulosic biomass are expected to reduce environmental problems related to improper disposal of agroindustrial waste and add value to the constituents of lignocellulosic materials.…”