Pastoral Production in Colonial Kenya: Lessons from the Past?

Waller, Richard

doi:10.1353/arw.2012.0039

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The settlers slowly demarcated the land, cut down some of the indigenous trees and bushes to build their houses and to pave way for a fertile piece of land to cultivate (Waller, 2012). The Agikuyu people and some of the Maasai pastoralists were pushed to the Northern edge of Kiambu West near Aberdare and Lari forests.…”

Section: Implications Of Colonial Land Alienation On the Awiks On Foomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the respondents (Muraya O.I 2017) claimed "The Europeans were being asked to keep their cattle at home but they never gave attention to whatever they were being told". Hobley (1967) & Waller (2012 further observed that in the initial stage of settlement in the squatter and reserve land, the squatters were not entirely detribalized. Those of the first generation of squatters or initial land owners in squatter land continued fairly well with their traditional…”

Section: Implications Of Colonial Land Alienation On the Awiks On Foomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hobley (1910) also stated that the Agikuyu people were forced into poorer lands and this led to severe problem of overcrowding in reserves as they were confined to environments they were not used to managing before. The reserves consisted of marginal lands of low productive capability (Waller, 2012). Therefore, in the areas where the Agikuyu women had recently migrated from quite different ecological zone probably they did not have a good understanding of the new environment thus it became increasingly hard to use their indigenous knowledge in observation and prediction of weather variation; hence their traditional seasonal food crop production calendar was highly disrupted.…”

Section: Implications Of Colonial Land Alienation On the Awiks On Foomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the colonial land alienation was detrimental to the progressive development of AWIKS and skills as they were subjected to strong external pressure and in extreme cases International Journal of Culture and History ISSN 2332-5518 2019 destroyed which led to absolute poverty, and overcrowding. The colonial land alienation aimed at keeping Africans under proper control in order to safeguard the settlers' interests (KNA/MAI/I/7, 1914-1915.Once segregated from whites, the colonial government pressed natives to adapt western agriculture aimed toward meeting market demands and financial gain to support the cost of British colonial administration (Waller 2012, Alila 1977. Therefore, the Agikuyu people were left with no alternative other than to seek wage labor in settlers' farms and government public work service.…”

Section: Implications Of Colonial Land Alienation On the Awiks On Foomentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Colonialism and the Agikuyu Women Indigenous Knowledge Systems on Food Crop Production in Kiambu Kenya 1902-1918

Muraya¹,

Gathungu²,

Kinyua³

2019

IJCH

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The introduction colonial capitalist economic policies and practices such as land alienation, forced labour and commercial crop production acted as a major catalyst of change on the existing African indigenous subsistence production especially the Agikuyu Women’s Indigenous Knowledge System (AWIKS). This research paper focused on examining the effects of European colonialism on the AWIKS on food crop production from 1902-1918. The study employed descriptive research design and historical trend analysis and it was done in three sub-counties of Kiambu West, namely, Limuru, Lari and Kikuyu. Purposive and snowballing technique was used to get the respondents who were the bearers of the most relevant information. The main source of information was the corroboration of oral interviews, archival records analysis and secondary data. Oral interviews data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) and reported using basic simple descriptive statistics. The Women and Development (WAD) theory helped to examine the nature in which the Agikuyu women were integrated in colonial capitalist economy, which explains their marginalization, subordination, oppression and dependency on men. The study found out that during the establishment of colonial rule the Agikuyu people were moved from their indigenous land and were pushed to poor, marginal and unproductive reserve areas where they did not have enough experience and accumulated indigenous knowledge system of the new agro-ecosystem. In addition, most of the drought tolerant food crops were neglected and others destroyed a move that may have led to underutilization of AWIKS on food crop production. This implied that the food supply was compromised and the society became more vulnerable to drought and famine. Therefore, in order to enhance food supply in the households some of the AWIKS on food crop production may be integrated into the modern western agricultural production practices.

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Section: Implications Of Colonial Land Alienation On the Awiks On Foomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications Of Colonial Land Alienation On the Awiks On Foomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications Of Colonial Land Alienation On the Awiks On Foomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications Of Colonial Land Alienation On the Awiks On Foomentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Colonialism and the Agikuyu Women Indigenous Knowledge Systems on Food Crop Production in Kiambu Kenya 1902-1918

Muraya¹,

Gathungu²,

Kinyua³

2019

IJCH

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“…In so doing, local resource control was significantly restricted and pastoralist and agricultural groups were disenfranchised or at times relocated into reserves. Land tenure challenges in Kenya's group ranches since their creation in the 1970s have been detailed extensively elsewhere, including trends toward privatization and sub-division (Galaty 1994;Mwangi 2007;Western et al 2009;Waller 2012). Community members in Laikipia face similar land tenure challenges as other pastoralists in Kenya.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herders and herdsmen: The remaking of pastoral livelihoods in Laikipia, Kenya

Yurco

2017

Pastoralism

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Pastoralists have long overlapped with wildlife in rangelands of sub-Saharan Africa. With growing recognition of the importance of wildlife outside of protected areas, conservation efforts are increasingly managed through hybrid governance activities worldwide, activities which often involve pastoralists. These efforts are especially prevalent in East African rangelands where pastoralists, livestock, and wildlife commonly overlap outside of formal protected areas. Laikipia County, Kenya, is one region renowned for abundant and diverse wildlife species sustained outside protected areas through a collective of conservation activities among private landowners and pastoral group ranches. Little research has considered pastoralists' roles in the region's conservation efforts or the ways that those efforts shape local livelihoods. Based on data from interviews, surveys, and participant observation, this article uses a case study approach to demonstrate how some of Laikipia's pastoralists are increasingly drawn into professional herding jobs with powerful landowners involved in joint commercial ranching and wildlife conservation activities. This has caused many pastoralists to shift from traditional livestock ownership in favour of livestock caretaking for other owners, with substantial implications for livelihoods. This study offers empirical evidence for the importance of considering how diversifying pastoral livelihoods entwine with hybrid conservation processes outside protected areas.

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Beyond the boma: A gendered approach to conceptualizing resource access in pastoral households

Yurco

2018

Geoforum

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Pastoral Production in Colonial Kenya: Lessons from the Past?

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Colonialism and the Agikuyu Women Indigenous Knowledge Systems on Food Crop Production in Kiambu Kenya 1902-1918

Colonialism and the Agikuyu Women Indigenous Knowledge Systems on Food Crop Production in Kiambu Kenya 1902-1918

Herders and herdsmen: The remaking of pastoral livelihoods in Laikipia, Kenya

Beyond the boma: A gendered approach to conceptualizing resource access in pastoral households

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