Patch testing and allergen-specific serum IgE and IgG antibodies in the diagnosis of canine adverse food reactions

Bethlehem, Simone; Bexley, Jennifer; Mueller, Ralf S.

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.01.003

Cited by 58 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Laboratory or in vivo tests are therefore attractive alternatives, but intradermal tests with food antigens have shown poor predictive values and poor correlation with the results of dietary trials . Recently, negative patch test responses with food allergens were shown to correlate well with tolerance in feeding trials with CAFR, but positive reactivity was less helpful due to frequent false‐positive reactions . Unfortunately, patch tests are challenging to perform in a routine clinical environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serological tests measuring IgE are commonly used in human medicine, and tests measuring IgE and IgG to food antigens in dogs are readily available. Some investigators have suggested that these tests are of value in selecting allergens to avoid in a dietary trial . Others have reported a poor correlation with clinical presentation and dietary trial results and poor intra‐assay reproducibility .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food‐specific serumIgEandIgGreactivity in dogs with and without skin disease: lack of correlation between laboratories

Hardy

Hendricks

Loeffler

et al. 2014

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background Despite conflicting data on their utility and no reports on interlaboratory reproducibility, serum food‐specific antibodies are commonly assayed in first‐opinion canine practice. Hypothesis/Objectives To determine both the variability of test results between two laboratories and the frequencies and magnitudes of food reactivity in dogs of different disease status. Animals Sera were obtained from eight dogs with cutaneous adverse food reaction (Group A), 22 with nonfood‐induced atopic dermatitis (Group B), 30 with an allergic/inflammatory phenotype (Group C), 12 with miscellaneous skin diseases (Group D) and nine healthy dogs (Group E). Methods Paired sera were submitted to two laboratories (A and B) for assays of food‐specific IgE and IgG antibodies. Results Numbers of positive IgE and IgG tests determined by each laboratory in Groups A, B, D and E were comparable (Group C not included). Significant differences in the magnitude of IgE reactivity between groups for each allergen were seen only for lamb (Laboratory A, P = 0.003); lamb reactivity in Group D exceeded Group E (P = 0.004) but was comparable between all other groups. Agreement (kappa statistic) between the two laboratories’ tests was ‘moderate’ for one antigen (potato IgE), ‘fair’ for four (corn IgE, rice IgE and IgG and soya bean IgG), ‘slight’ for eight (six IgE and two IgG) and ‘less than chance’ for the remaining six antigens (three IgE and three IgG). Conclusions and clinical importance These laboratories’ tests appear to have dubious predictive clinical utility because they neither correlate nor distinguish between dogs of different disease status.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food‐specific serumIgEandIgGreactivity in dogs with and without skin disease: lack of correlation between laboratories

Hardy

Hendricks

Loeffler

et al. 2014

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…Sensitivity and specificity of APTs to the suspected foods were 96.7% and 89.0% compared with 6.7% and 91.4% for food‐specific IgE. The negative predictive value was 99.3 and the positive predictive value was 63.0% . The authors concluded that the patch tests were most useful to identify foods that did not need to be included in elimination trial diets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atopy patch tests may identify patients at risk for systemic contact dermatitis

Pootongkam

Havele

Orillaza

et al. 2019

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Background A subset of patients with positive patch tests demonstrates systemic contact dermatitis (SCD) upon ingestion or inhalation of the allergen. Concern has been raised about the use of patch tests for protein allergens (APTs) to detect SCD in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. Methods We present atopy patch test (APT) data for 97 people. We reviewed APTs and tests for antigen‐specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) to the same allergen in pediatric AD patients. We compared the frequency of APTs as a function of age in AD patients. To study the irritancy potential of APTs, we prospectively tested consenting non‐AD dermatitis patients undergoing evaluation for allergic contact dermatitis and healthy controls to an APT panel. Results APT demonstrated fewer positive results than serum‐specific IgE or skin prick tests to the same allergen. Positive APT to food was more common in children under 3 years, whereas positive APT to aeroallergens were more common in teens and adults. Only positive APTs to dust mite were significantly more common positive in subjects without AD. Conclusion Our aggregate findings suggest that most APTs, but not dust mite, behave like conventional patch tests to low‐potency allergens. They are more likely to be positive in patients with chronically inflamed skin and to identify allergens that cause SCD. The higher prevalence of APT positivity to foods in young children is consistent with food allergy as a trigger of AD (also known as SCD) being more common in children than adults. Positive APTs define patients who may have SCD; negative APTs may guide elimination diets.

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“…Many studies in dogs showed food allergen-specific IgE assays are low sensitivity and high specificity (Jeffers et al, 1991;Mueller and Tsohalis, 1998;Bethlehem et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IgE reactivity to hen egg white allergens in dogs with cutaneous adverse food reactions

Shimakura

Uchiyama

Saito

et al. 2016

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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Patch testing and allergen-specific serum IgE and IgG antibodies in the diagnosis of canine adverse food reactions

Cited by 58 publications

References 35 publications

Food‐specific serumIgEandIgGreactivity in dogs with and without skin disease: lack of correlation between laboratories

Food‐specific serumIgEandIgGreactivity in dogs with and without skin disease: lack of correlation between laboratories

Atopy patch tests may identify patients at risk for systemic contact dermatitis

IgE reactivity to hen egg white allergens in dogs with cutaneous adverse food reactions

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