Patellar Tendon Ultrasonography in Asymptomatic Active Athletes Reveals Hypoechoic Regions

Cook, Jill; Khan, Khalid; Harcourt, Peter; Kiss, Zoltán; Fehrmann, M. W.; Griffiths, Lyn R.; Wark, John D.

doi:10.1097/00042752-199804000-00001

Cited by 200 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…If this process is repeated consistently again and again tendon hypertrophy occurs. [28][29][30] Regular exercise also results in tendon hypertrophy. [31,32] Achilles tendon measurements were significantly higher in non-smokers compared to smokers.…”

Section: Width Thickness Area Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of physical characteristics, exercise and smoking on morphometry of human Achilles tendon: an ultrasound study

Canbolat¹,

Özbağ²,

Özdemir³

et al. 2015

Anatomy

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to reveal the normal morphometric values of Achilles tendon using ultrasound (US) imaging in subjects of different gender, age groups, smoking status, and physical exercise habits. Methods:A total of 342 Achilles tendons were examined in the 171 volunteers (69 females, 102 males) with different age, gender, weight, height, smoking and physical exercise habits. Achilles tendon width, length, thickness, cross-sectional area and length were measured using a commercial ultrasound machine with a 9-15 mHz linear-array transducer. Results:The average width, thickness, cross-sectional area and length of the Achilles tendon in male subjects were significantly higher than females. Tendon width, thickness, cross-sectional area and length showed no significant difference between the right and left side. With the exception of the left Achilles tendon thickness, measurements taken for non-smoking subjects were larger than smokers. Achilles tendon measurements of subjects engaged in sportive activities were significantly larger than those with sedentary lifestyle Weight and body mass index were the only anthropometric measurements in correlation with Achilles tendon size. Conclusion:Achilles tendon size varies with age, gender, physical activity and smoking habits. The measurements presented in this study give normal variations of the tendon's morphologic characteristics, which will be of use in clinical diagnosis.

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Section: Width Thickness Area Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of physical characteristics, exercise and smoking on morphometry of human Achilles tendon: an ultrasound study

Canbolat¹,

Özbağ²,

Özdemir³

et al. 2015

Anatomy

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“…É importante ressaltar que tanto a US quanto a RM podem detectar alterações do tendão patelar que não correspondem aos sintomas clínicos do paciente (36)(37) . Assim como atletas com quadro clínico de tendinopatia patelar podem apresentar US normal (38) .…”

Section: (Figura 3) a Us Também Pode Identificar Irregularidades Perunclassified

Tendinopatia patelar

Cohen¹,

Ferretti²,

Marcondes³

et al. 2008

Rev. bras. ortop.

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RESUMOA tendinopatia do patelar ou jumper's knee (joelho do saltador) é uma afecção que acomete freqüen-temente atletas praticantes de atividades de salto ou aquelas que exigem força de impacto repetitivo. Histologicamente, a sobrecarga excessiva no tendão pode provocar alterações na matriz extracelular, resultando em pequenas lesões que, cronicamente, poderão levar a um quadro de tendinose, principalmente na região do pólo inferior da patela. A dor na região anterior do joelho é o primeiro sintoma relatado pelo paciente portador dessa afecção. Seu início é insidioso e gradual, principalmente após atividade física, mas, com a progressão da doença, pode tornar-se freqüente durante ou já no início da

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“…Patellar tendinopathy (a degeneration of the tendon enthesis caused by a repetitive and/or chronic overloading that exceeds the adaptive capacity of the tendon) and Achilles tendinopathy (a degenerative tendinous disorder that commonly involves the hypovascular area located from 2 to 6 cm above the calcaneal insertion) are commonly considered the result of multiple micro-tears that do not heal because of poor tendon vascularity [2,3]. Histological features in the early stages of the disease are focal areas of asymptomatic intratendineous damage without signs of inflammation [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-guided injection of platelet-rich plasma in chronic Achilles and patellar tendinopathy

Ferrero

Fabbro

Orlandi

et al. 2012

Journal of Ultrasound

117

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KEYWORDSPlatelet-rich plasma; Achilles tendon; Patellar tendon; Jumper's knee; Achilles tendinopathy.Abstract Purpose: The efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment and healing of chronic tendinopathy through stimulation of cell proliferation and total collagen production has been demonstrated by both in vitro and in vivo studies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound (US)-guided autologous PRP injections in patellar and Achilles tendinopathy. Materials and methods: Autologous PRP was injected under US-guidance into the Achilles and patellar tendons (30 Achilles tendons, 28 patellar tendons) in 48 prospectively selected patients (30 males, 18 females, mean age 38 AE 16 years, range 20e61 years). All patients were previously evaluated according to the Victoria Institute of Sport Assessment (VISA) scale, which assessed pain and activity level, and they all underwent US of the tendon before treatment and at follow-up after 20 days and 6 months. Statistical analysis was performed with Chi-square and Wilcoxon tests. Results: 20 days after PRP injection the patients presented a non-significant improvement of clinical symptoms. At the 6-month follow-up VISA score increased from a mean value of 57 e75.5 (p < .01). US evaluation revealed a reduction of hypoechoic areas in 26 tendons (p < .01) associated with a widespread improvement of fibrillar echotexture of the tendon and reduced hypervascularity at power Doppler. Conclusion: PRP injection in patellar and Achilles tendinopathy results in a significant and lasting improvement of clinical symptoms and leads to recovery of the tendon matrix potentially helping to prevent degenerative lesions. US-guidance allows PRP injection into the tendon with great accuracy. Sommario Scopo: Il plasma ricco di piastrine (PRP), provocando un iperafflusso di citochine nel sito di iniezione si è dimostrato efficace, sia in vitro che in studi clinici in vivo, come promotore della rigenerazione tissutale. Lo scopo di questo studio è quello di valutare l'efficacia dell'iniezione ecoguidata di PRP autologo nel trattamento delle tendinopatie croniche del rotuleo e dell'achilleo. Materiali e metodi: Il PRP autologo è stato iniettato sotto guida ecografica in tendini rotulei e achillei (30 tendini di Achille, 28 tendini rotulei) di 48 pazienti selezionati in modo prospettico (30 maschi, 18 femmine, età media 38 AE 16 anni, range 20e61 anni). Tutti i pazienti erano stati precedentemente valutati mediante questionario Victoria Institute of Sport di valutazione (VISA) in cui si analizza il punteggio del dolore e il livello di attività. È stata poi eseguita una valutazione ecografica dei tendini mirata a valutarne l'ecostruttura e vascolarizzazione. La valutazione statistica dei dati ottenuti è stata eseguita mediante i test del Chi-quadrato e di Wilcoxon. Risultati: Venti giorni dopo l'iniezione di PRP è stato rilevato un miglioramento dei sintomi clinici non significativo. Il punteggio VISA è migliorato da una base di 57 a 75,5 a 6 mesi (p < .01). La v...

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Patellar Tendon Ultrasonography in Asymptomatic Active Athletes Reveals Hypoechoic Regions

Cited by 200 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of physical characteristics, exercise and smoking on morphometry of human Achilles tendon: an ultrasound study

Effects of physical characteristics, exercise and smoking on morphometry of human Achilles tendon: an ultrasound study

Tendinopatia patelar

Ultrasound-guided injection of platelet-rich plasma in chronic Achilles and patellar tendinopathy

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