Paternal occupational lead exposure and offspring risks for schizophrenia

Sallmén, Markku; Suvisaari, Jaana; Lindbohm, Marja-Liisa; Malaspina, Dolores; Opler, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2016.06.004

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Further exposures which may be associated with elevated BLC were not included in our analyses and may therefore give rise to residual confounding; for example, housing tenancy (owned or rented) [18,51] parental occupation [52,53], ethnicity [17], other sources of exposure, diet, contaminated land, soil quality or contaminated consumer products [6,19,20,38,41,54]. Additionally, some case characteristics used ecological proxy measures based on area (e.g., deprivation, housing age and type) which may be inaccurate, leading to misclassification.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

’As safe as houses; the risk of childhood lead exposure from housing in England and implications for public health’

Crabbe¹,

Verlander²,

Iqbal³

et al. 2022

BMC Public Health

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Background and aim: Exposure to lead can harm a child's health, including damage to the nervous system, delayed growth, hearing loss, and many other adverse health effects, as well as implications for social, economic, educational and social well-being. Lead exposure in children is still a concern and cases require public health management to find the exposure source and interrupt the exposure pathway. Housing characteristics can indicate the presence of leadcontaminated paint and leaded water supply pipes. We aimed to explore the relationship between housing characteristics and elevated blood lead concentration (BLC) in children in England. Methods:We used a retrospective cohort design and included all cases of lead exposure in children reported to the UK Health Security Agency between 2014 and 2020 via surveillance. A case was a child aged under 16 years, resident in England, BLC of ≥ 0.48 μmol/L (10 µg/dL) and referred for public health management. We collected case demographic details and housing characteristics (age and type). We explored associations between elevated BLC and risk factors, using generalised linear mixed effects models and compared cases' housing type to that expected nationally. Results:Two hundred and sixty-six out of 290 cases met the case definition. There was no difference in BLCs between genders, age groups, deprivation, and housing type. After adjusting for reporting source, housing age and type, cases residing in housing built pre-1976 had a BLC of 0.32 (95%CI 0.02, 0.63) µmols/L (6.63 (95%CI 0.42, 13.0) µg/ dL) higher than cases living in housing built after this time. Cases were 1.68 times more likely to be living in terraced housing (housing adjoined to one another) than other children and less likely to live in apartments and detached properties. Conclusion:This study suggests an association between housing characteristics and BLC in children. Housing age and type may act as a proxy for lead exposure risk through exposure to leaded paint, lead water pipes, and lead contaminated dust from indoor and outdoor sources. Public health action should consider targeting families more at risk in older housing by raising awareness of the potential presence of lead pipes and paint. Interventions should include working with wider stakeholders including other housing and environmental professionals, the private sector, as well as parents and carers.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

’As safe as houses; the risk of childhood lead exposure from housing in England and implications for public health’

Crabbe¹,

Verlander²,

Iqbal³

et al. 2022

BMC Public Health

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“…Repeated findings suggest increased rates of PTBs and LBW in pregnancies fathered after periconceptional exposure to radionuclide imaging radiation [61]. The role of heavy metals (lead), and pesticides on spina bifida, hypospadias, cryptorchidism and children mental disorders (i.e., schizophrenia) is still debated and awaits confirmation [60,62,63].…”

Section: ) Lifestyle Paternal Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of heavy metals (lead), and pesticides on spina bifida, hypospadias, cryptorchidism and children mental disorders ( i.e. , schizophrenia) is still debated and awaits confirmation [ 60 62 63 ].…”

Section: Main Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anything New about Paternal Contribution to Reproductive Outcomes? A Review of the Evidence

Montagnoli

Ruggeri

Cinelli

et al. 2021

World J Mens Health

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“…This was supported by further identification of lead exposure as a risk factor of Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. Our next section will focus on epigenetic determinants involved in lead-led neurological damages and diseases [33,34].…”

Section: Molecular Mechanism Of Lead-induced Neurotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics and Lead Neurotoxicity

Xu¹,

Zhang²

2020

Lead Chemistry

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Lead exposure continues to threaten human health in a worldwide perspective. Among the multiple target organs affected by lead, central nervous system (CNS) pervades in the adverse consequences by chronic lead exposure, leading to a variety of neurotoxic manifestations and neurological disorders. The epigenetic machinery plays a vital role in the control of key neural functions, particularly neuronal development. Faulty epigenetic gene regulation can have marked deleterious effect on the developing brain that can last for an entire lifespan. Mounting evidence suggests that lead exposure can pose detrimental effect on CNS through these epigenetic mechanisms. And this chapter reviews the current understandings of concrete epigenetic forms, exemplified by DNA methylation, histone modification, and ncRNAs, responding to lead exposure and moderating the consequent neurotoxicity. In addition, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is presented as a typical instance to explain how environmental lead exposure results in the occurrence of AD in an "early exposure, late onset" fashion. A future perspective, highlighting additional forms of epigenetic elements as well as interactive actions among different molecules, was also proposed. In summary, epigenetics was substantially implicated in regulating lead neurotoxicity.

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Paternal occupational lead exposure and offspring risks for schizophrenia

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

’As safe as houses; the risk of childhood lead exposure from housing in England and implications for public health’

’As safe as houses; the risk of childhood lead exposure from housing in England and implications for public health’

Anything New about Paternal Contribution to Reproductive Outcomes? A Review of the Evidence

Epigenetics and Lead Neurotoxicity

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