Paternity and paternal effort in the pumpkinseed sunfish

Ríos-Cardenas, Oscar; Webster, Michael S.

doi:10.1093/beheco/ari076

Cited by 48 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…3), suggesting that sneaker males are able to invest more time in feeding than parental males, which are known to suffer a decline in body mass during the nest defense season (Rios-Cardenas and Webster 2005). Pumpkinseed are well known to be cannibalistic (Copp et al 2002;Rios-Cardenas and Webster 2005), with the highest number of pumpkinseed scales observed in pumpkinseed stomachs being in juveniles of ages 0+ and 1+ (Fig. 5a in Copp et al 2002), followed by >2+ males and females of age 4+ (G.H.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cuckoldry features of introduced pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) in contrasting environmental conditions in southern Europe

et al. 2012

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Reproduction of pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus (L., 1758)) in the species' native range often involves cuckoldry, consisting of dominant nest-guarding (parental) males and the participation by small "sneaker" males. However, it remains unknown whether this behaviour occurs in populations of non-native pumpkinseed. Thus, the present study describes the phenotypic features of cuckoldry under contrasting environmental conditions (lentic versus lotic) in southern Europe. Parental and sneaker pumpkinseeds were captured in the summer of 2011 from the River Bullaque (central Spain) and from the Encinarejo Reservoir (southern Spain). No differences in total length were observed in sneaker males, although individuals of ages 1+ and 2+ were significantly predominant in the river and the reservoir, respectively. Parental males were larger and older in the reservoir than in the river. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices were significantly higher in sneaker than in parental males at both sites. Body condition was lower in sneaker males in the river. Both ingested biomass and the proportion of full stomachs were lower in parental males at both sites, being significant in all cases except ingested biomass in the river. Sneaker males achieved a higher gonadosomatic index than parental males. In contrast, parental males had higher body condition indices than sneakers. Results demonstrate the high ecological plasticity of pumpkinseed sunfish to display natural behaviours out of its native area.Résumé : Le cocufiage, dans lequel sont impliqués des mâles dominants gardant le nid (parentaux) et de petits mâles « furtifs », caractérise souvent la reproduction de la perche-soleil (Lepomis gibbosus (L., 1758)) dans l'aire de répartition naturelle de l'espèce. Il demeure toutefois à établir si ce comportement existe ou non dans des populations non indigènes de perches-soleil. L'étude décrit donc les caractères phénotypiques du cocufiage dans différentes conditions environnementales (lentiques contre lotiques) en Europe méridionale. Des perches-soleil parentaux et furtifs ont été capturés à l'été 2011 dans la rivière Bullaque (centre de l'Espagne) et dans le réservoir Encinarejo (sud de l'Espagne). Aucune différence n'a été observée sur le plan de la longueur totale chez les mâles furtifs, bien que les individus au delà de 1 an (1+) et au delà de 2 ans (2+) étaient significativement prédominants, respectivement, dans la rivière et le réservoir. Les mâles parentaux étaient plus gros et plus vieux dans le réservoir que dans la rivière. Les indices gonadosomatiques et hépatosomatiques étaient significativement plus élevés pour les mâles furtifs que pour les mâles parentaux aux deux sites. L'embonpoint était plus faible chez les mâles furtifs de la rivière. Tant la biomasse ingérée que la proportion d'estomacs pleins étaient plus faibles chez les mâles parentaux aux deux sites et ce, de manière significative sauf en ce qui concerne la biomasse ingérée des poissons de la rivière. Les mâles furtifs présentaient un indice gonadosomati...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cuckoldry features of introduced pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) in contrasting environmental conditions in southern Europe

et al. 2012

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“…Considering that nest defense in pumpkinseed has been directly linked to how well males sire their young (Rios-Cardenas and Webster 2005), this change may be significant to their overall reproductive fitness. The same could be said for the changes that we observed in nest-maintenance behaviors (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian predators transmit fear along the air–water interface influencing prey and their parental care

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The nonconsumptive consequences of predators on prey behavior, survival, and demography have recently garnered significant attention by ecologists. However, the impacts of top predators on free-ranging prey are challenging to evaluate because the most common fright response for prey is to leave the area of risk. Additionally, the top-down impacts of avian predators on aquatic environments are surprisingly overlooked. Here we investigated the nonconsumptive effects of avian predators on parental care in pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus (L., 1758)) through use of a realistic model of a predatory bird, the Osprey (Pandion haliaetus (L., 1758)). Our predator model exacted dramatic metabolic fright responses and inducible defenses in experimental fish resulting in significant behavioral changes with respect to their parental care. Key parental behaviors including in-nest rotations and egg and nest maintenance were noticeably altered by predator treatments demonstrating as much as an order of magnitude difference in parental performance, suggesting that even transient predation risk might decrease reproductive fitness. Our data provide important new insights on how the landscape of fear operates along the air-water interface and suggests that avian predators may have greater controlling effects on fish populations than previously thought.Key words: landscape of fear, Lepomis gibbosus, Osprey, Pandion haliaetus, parental care, predator, predation risk, pumpkinseed.Résumé : Les conséquences autres que la consommation des prédateurs sur le comportement, la survie et la démographie des proies ont récemment fait l'objet de beaucoup d'attention de la part d'écologistes. Les impacts des prédateurs de niveau trophique supérieur sur les proies en liberté sont toutefois difficiles à évaluer puisque la réaction de peur la plus répandue des proies consiste à quitter la zone du risque. En outre, il est surprenant de constater le peu de cas fait des impacts descendants des prédateurs aviaires sur les milieux aquatiques. Nous avons étudié les effets autres que la consommation de prédateurs aviaires sur le soin des alevins par les crapets-soleil (Lepomis gibbosus (L., 1758)) en utilisant un modèle réaliste d'oiseau prédateur, le balbuzard pêcheur (Pandion haliaetus (L., 1758)). Notre prédateur modèle a produit d'importantes réactions métaboliques de peur et des mécanismes de défense inductibles chez les poissons expérimentaux, qui se traduisaient par des changements significatifs dans les comportements de soin des alevins. Les principaux comportements parentaux, dont les rotations au nid et l'entretien des oeufs et du nid, étaient clairement modifiés par l'exposition au prédateur, ces variations de la performance parentale pouvant atteindre plus d'un ordre de grandeur, ce qui donne à penser que même un risque de prédation passager peut réduire l'aptitude de reproduction. Nos données fournissent d'importants nouveaux renseignements sur le fonctionnement du paysage de la peur le long de l'interface air-eau et donnent à penser que...

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“…The present study shows that threespined stickleback males are able to estimate the amount of foreign eggs in their nest and adjust their filial cannibalism rate accordingly. Indirect cues to assess paternity, such as the presence of rival males (Manica 2004;Rios-Cardenas & Webster 2005;Gray et al 2007) or clutch position (Sargent 1989), were excluded. The only direct mechanism to estimate relatedness was through egg cues themselves (see also Frommen et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, several studies have shown such adjustments (for example, birds: Davies et al 1992;fishes: Neff 2003). The cues males use to estimate the amount of foreign eggs often remain unknown (Rios-Cardenas & Webster 2005). There is some evidence for indirect mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To eat or not to eat: egg-based assessment of paternity triggers fine-tuned decisions about filial cannibalism

et al. 2010

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Filial cannibalism occurs in many animal species ranging from insects to mammals, and is especially well described in teleost fishes. Numerous causes may lead to this behaviour, e.g. certainty of paternity. However, the cues males use to assess their paternity often remain unknown. One possible way to differentiate between own and foreign offspring is by using egg cues. Nevertheless, in egg-laying species, evidence for this is still scarce. In this study, male three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus), a fish with paternal care in which sneaking as well as filial cannibalism is common, were allowed to care for manipulated nests that contained different percentages of own fertilized eggs. After 7 days, embryo survival was determined. Furthermore, brood-caring as well as aggressive behaviour was measured daily. Clutches containing a higher proportion of foreign eggs were more likely to be completely cannibalized than clutches containing a lower proportion of foreign eggs, particularly when the clutch was laid early in the breeding season. However, the behavioural observations revealed no influence of paternity. The results show that paternity triggers filial cannibalism in sticklebacks and that males are able to evaluate their paternity using egg cues alone.

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Paternity and paternal effort in the pumpkinseed sunfish

Cited by 48 publications

References 68 publications

Cuckoldry features of introduced pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) in contrasting environmental conditions in southern Europe

Cuckoldry features of introduced pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) in contrasting environmental conditions in southern Europe

Avian predators transmit fear along the air–water interface influencing prey and their parental care

To eat or not to eat: egg-based assessment of paternity triggers fine-tuned decisions about filial cannibalism

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