Path analysis of caregiver characteristics and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease patients

Delfino, Lais Lopes; Komatsu, Ricardo Shoiti; Komatsu, Caroline; Néri, Anita Liberalesso; Cachioni, Meire

doi:10.1111/ggi.13437

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The sociodemographic characteristics of this study’s sample were similar to previously-reported ones [14,15,16]. Mainly, family caregivers were middle-age females, patients’ daughters or partners and with low academic backgrounds.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…It is also known that family caregivers’ burden can worsen the person-caregiver relationship, which can in turn increase the severity of persons’ neuropsychiatric symptoms [10]. These results may indicate the need for designing and implementing intervention strategies in emotional regulation that allow family caregivers to adapt to the person’s behavior disorders from an early stage of AD [16]. Lastly, a persons’ level of dependency for performing basic activities of their daily lives is another variable that, together with behavioral disorders, produces a great overload in family caregivers of people diagnosed with AD [27,28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relative who assumes most of the responsibility of caring for the person with AD is defined as a family caregiver [14]. Generally, family caregivers tend to be middle-aged (40–65 years-old) women (wife or daughter) [15], with a medium education level and who live in the person’s home [16]. This family caregiver role is often ascribed to women as part of an internalized feeling of obligation [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictor Factors of Perceived Health in Family Caregivers of People Diagnosed with Mild or Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease

Fernández

Hernández‐Padilla

Ortiz‐Amo

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Caring for a person diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease has a negative impact on family caregivers’ psychological health. This study examined the factors related to ‘perceived health’ and ‘presence of new-onset mental health problems’ in family caregivers of people diagnosed with mild and moderate Alzheimer’s disease. A cross-sectional observational study carried out in Almeria’s Healthcare District (Spain). A total of 255 family caregivers (42.4% cared for people with mild Alzheimer’s disease and 57.6% cared for people with moderate Alzheimer’s disease) participated in the study from January to December 2015. Mainly, caregivers were women (81.5% in the mild Alzheimer’s disease group and 88.4% in the moderate Alzheimer’s disease group), and their average age was 56.54 years (standard deviation (SD) = 13.13) and 54.47 years (SD = 11.71), respectively. Around 47% of the caregivers had been caring for the person with Alzheimer’s between two and five years. The Goldberg General Health Questionnaire was used to measure perceived health and the presence of new-onset mental health problems. An exploratory descriptive analysis and a multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted. For caregivers of people with mild Alzheimer’s disease, ‘perceived health’ was related to ‘perceived social support’ (r = −0.21; p = 0.028), ‘person’s level of dependency’ (r = −0.24, p = 0.05), ‘severity of the person’s neuropsychiatric symptoms’ (r = 0.22; p = 0.05), and ‘caregiver’s emotional distress in response to the person’s neuropsychiatric symptoms’ (r = 0.22; p = 0.05). For caregivers of people with moderate Alzheimer’s disease, ‘perceived health’ was related to ‘perceived social support’ (r = −0.31; p ˂ 0.01), ‘presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms’ (r = 0.27, p = 0.01), ‘severity of the person’s neuropsychiatric symptoms’ (r = 0.32, p = 0.01) and ‘caregiver’s emotional distress in response to the person’s neuropsychiatric symptoms’ (r = 0.029; p = 0.01). The presence of new-onset mental health problems was detected in 46.3% (n = 50) of caregivers of people with mild Alzheimer’s and 61.9% (n = 91) of caregivers of people with moderate Alzheimer’s. When people are diagnosed with mild Alzheimer’s disease, intervention programs for caregivers should aim to regulate emotions and promote positive coping strategies. When people are diagnosed with moderate Alzheimer’s disease, intervention programs for caregivers must allow them to adapt to caregiving demands that arise with the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictor Factors of Perceived Health in Family Caregivers of People Diagnosed with Mild or Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease

Fernández

Hernández‐Padilla

Ortiz‐Amo

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…The differences in educational level that emerged from our study are not supported by other studies. The results of Delfino [ 34 ] showed that female caregivers have a significant difference for burden but no differences emerged for the educational level. Further studies may clarify this topic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between care burden, depression and personality traits in Alzheimer’s caregiver: A pilot study

Vespa

Spatuzzi²,

Fabbietti

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Introduction In this study correlations between care burden, depression, and personality at intrapsychic level in caregivers of Alzheimer’s disease patients were evaluated. Materials and methods Caregivers: n.40. Tests: Social-schedule; CBI; BDI; SASB-Structural-Analysis of Social Behaviours- Form-A- intrapsychic behaviours (8 Cluster); ECOG. Patients:MMSE. Statistical analysis: Chi-squared test; Anova one way F test; Pearson’s R coefficient. Results Correlations: CBI-total and NPI(p < .001); CBI-total—ECOG (p = .042); CBI-total—BDI(p< .001); CBI- total-SASB-Cl7(p = .014); SASB-CL8(p<0.000); BDI and SASB-Cl 2 (p = .018), SASB-Cl 3 (p = .004), SASB-Cl7(p < .000), SASB-CL8 (p < .000). High CBI is correlated with high depression, neuropsychiatry symptoms, low cognitive patient’s functions. Caregivers have the following intrapsychic behaviors: poor self-care, poor ability to take care of themselves; they exercise control over themselves and do not consider and/or ignore their basic needs at emotional and physical levels. These intrapsychic behaviours are indicators of depression (SASB Model) and are correlated with high care burden–CBI and high depression-CDQ. Discussion Care burden is closely related to the depression and individual personality (intrapsychic experience) of the caregiver. This may reveal a source of strength and may suggest areas of multidimensional and psychotherapeutic interventions.

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“…Environmental conditions, caregiver-related factors, neglected needs, patient and caregiver personality, among other variables, can also lead to the manifestation of NPSs. 9 Stress and depression increase when a caregiver manages NPSs, and these symptoms can be triggered or exacerbated when a caregiver is stressed or depressed. 10 The burden experienced by caregivers has many causes, such as the constant and increasing need to supervise the patient, the older adult's physical and cognitive dependence, the lack of support from other family members, family conflicts, financial difficulties, and social deprivation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with family caregiver burden and depression

Delfino

Komatsu

et al. 2021

Dement. neuropsychol.

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and degenerative condition affecting several cognitive areas, with a decline in functional abilities and behavioral changes. Objective: To investigate the association between neuropsychiatric symptoms in older adults with AD and caregiver burden and depression. Methods: A total of 134 family caregivers of older people diagnosed with AD answered a questionnaire with sociodemographic data and questions concerning the care context, neuropsychiatric symptoms, caregiver burden, and depressive symptoms. Results: Results revealed that 95% of older adults had at least one neuropsychiatric symptom, with the most common being: apathy, anxiety, and depression. Among the 12 neuropsychiatric symptoms investigated, 10 were significantly associated with caregiver burden, while 8 showed significant correlations with depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Neuropsychiatric symptoms were related to caregiver burden and depressive symptoms. In addition to the older adult with AD, the caregiver should receive care and guidance from the health team to continue performing quality work.

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Path analysis of caregiver characteristics and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease patients

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Predictor Factors of Perceived Health in Family Caregivers of People Diagnosed with Mild or Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease

Predictor Factors of Perceived Health in Family Caregivers of People Diagnosed with Mild or Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease

Association between care burden, depression and personality traits in Alzheimer’s caregiver: A pilot study

Neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with family caregiver burden and depression

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