Path Creation: Co-creation of Heterogeneous Resources in the Emergence of the Danish Wind Turbine Cluster

Collective institutional entrepreneurship and contestations in wind energy in India

“…These problems led policy makers to view commercialized wind energy with a high degree of skepticism. Despite increased efforts to develop an indigenous infrastructure for wind energy, there were only few organizations such as TERI and Consolidated Energy Consultants for conducting techno-economic and project feasibility studies during this time period (Int [2,73] Although the wind energy industry developed substantially, several key problems persisted, in particular with regard to a rather bureaucratic approach taken by state energy utilities 8 . In response, MNES developed proposals for organizing a more continual dialogue between state electricity boards, wind developers and MNES through committees of representatives [59,73].…”

“…8 Examples of bureaucratic problems are the ways in which producers were allowed to sell wind power to third parties, high wheeling and banking charges for investors interested in captive consumption of wind energy, and energy utilities' refusal to pay wind power producers according to guidelines and buy back rates issued by MNES. 9 Examples are petitioning and fighting cases on behalf of wind energy investors, publishing wind energy generation data, dissemination of information on running of wind farms, conducting training programs for technicians and engineers.…”

“…The industry associations even started playing an important role in influencing policy debates, lobbying for tariff revision, and voicing profitability concerns (Int [2]). Media organizations started highlighting wind industry issues and raising awareness about the possible conflicts between the national government and wind energy investors, as well as the state energy utilities (Int [8]). For example, in 2005, the World Institute for Sustainable Energy (WISE) advocated for the gradual transformation to sustainable energy in India.…”

“…Existing studies have emphasized financial support schemes, technology policies, technical standards, grid-connection rules, industry organizations, and international collaborations [5,6]. This study adopts the notion that actors are involved in shaping their institutional context and that this is largely a collective effort rather than the result of powerful individuals [7,8]. Developing novel energy technologies therefore requires not just appropriate policies and regulations, but also collaboration and collective action by researchers, policy makers, political parties, industry organizations, lobbyists, and environmental groups [9].…”

От Теории Кластеров – К Теории Кластерного Развития Регионов: Эволюция И Проблематика

“…С кластерами исследователи связывают преодоление эффекта path dependency (зависимости от пройденной исторической траектории) в региональном развитии [22,26]. Кластеры являются движущими силами как связанной, так и несвязанной диверсификации региональной экономики.…”