Path‐Guided Wrinkling of Nanoscale Metal Films

Guo, Chuan Fei; Nayyar, Vishal; Zhang, Zhuwei; Chen, Yan; Miao, Junjie; Huang, Rui; Liu, Qian

doi:10.1002/adma.201200540

Cited by 61 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…As an example of a deformable artificial microstructures, we focus here on a surface with microwrinkles . Buckling of the thin surface layer supported by a compliant substrate occurs in response to an applied in‐plane compressive stress and results in periodic surface undulation, referred to here as wrinkles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The periodicity Λ of the wrinkles scales as Λ ∝ h ( E f / E s ) 1/3 , where h is the thickness of the surface layer, E f is the Young's modulus of the surface layer, and E s is that of the compliant substrate. Because the wrinkles form through self‐organization, they are applied for various micro‐patterning methods as low‐cost templates and other novel applications such as smart adhesive surfaces . The relationship between Λ and E f has also allowed wrinkles to be used for evaluating the hardness of very thin films .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tunable Optical Diffuser Based on Deformable Wrinkles

Ohzono

Suzuki

Yamaguchi

et al. 2013

Advanced Optical Materials

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The optical diffusion of transmitted or refl ected light via a deformable wrinkled surface with a periodicity in the range of hundreds of micrometers is studied. Without strain, the sample shows no wrinkles and no optical diffusion. With uniaxial strain, the surface shows aligned wrinkles and anisotropically diffuses incident light in a manner that depends on the degree of applied strain. The relationship between the sinusoidal microstructure and the diffused state is successfully explained in the context of geometric optics. The present system can be used as a mechanically tunable optical diffuser.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable Optical Diffuser Based on Deformable Wrinkles

Ohzono

Suzuki

Yamaguchi

et al. 2013

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…37,38 Such textured structure with a spacer is also promising; for example, self-cleaning nanodome solar cells with a 280-nm-thick hydrogenated a-Si:H layer can absorb 94% of the light with wavelengths of 400-800 nm, which is significantly higher than the 65% absorption of flat film devices. 39 The enhancement with arrays of ridges is reminiscent of surface wrinkles and folds, [40][41][42] which are spontaneously generated by depositing a metallic film on an elastomeric substrate followed by heating. Here, the elastomeric layer can be the organic active materials, and the metallic wrinkles or folds will act as the nanostructured back contact ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Spps Induced Absorption Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallic nanostructures for light trapping in energy-harvesting devices

et al. 2014

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Solar energy is abundant and environmentally friendly. Light trapping in solar-energy-harvesting devices or structures is of critical importance. This article reviews light trapping with metallic nanostructures for thin film solar cells and selective solar absorbers. The metallic nanostructures can either be used in reducing material thickness and device cost or in improving light absorbance and thereby improving conversion efficiency. The metallic nanostructures can contribute to light trapping by scattering and increasing the path length of light, by generating strong electromagnetic field in the active layer, or by multiple reflections/absorptions. We have also discussed the adverse effect of metallic nanostructures and how to solve these problems and take full advantage of the light-trapping effect. INTRODUCTIONThe conversion of solar energy to electricity or heat might be the ultimate means to help solve the energy crisis when hydrocarbon resources such as coal and other fossil fuels cannot satisfy the energy demand. Solar energy is abundant, ,5000 times our current power consumption.1 The use of solar energy can also reduce the environmental problems caused by the consumption of fossil fuels by reducing dusts, noxious gases and greenhouse gases, as well as the resulting haze, acid rain and global warming. To date, the worldwide installed capacity of solar harvesting devices is ,60 GW in electric energy and ,300 GW in thermal energy, 2 with an annual rapid increase. For the existing technology, there is room for further improvement by either enhancing the light absorption or avoiding loss of electricity or heat after absorption. Recently, new advances in nanotechnology and material fabrication methods have resulted in an emerging field of plasmonics by properly introducing metallic nanostructures to manipulate light, enabling light trapping in active layers and thereby enhancing the performance of energy-harvesting devices.3 In addition, certain highly absorbing surfaces or structures with broadband absorption promising to extend the working wavelength of the solar energy spectrum (Figure 1) have been realized. The light-trapping effect, however, allows the thickness of materials and the costs of solar cells to decrease, which in turn benefits electricity collection when the minor carrier diffusion length in the active layer is not sufficiently long.In this review, we focus on light trapping induced by metallic nanostructures for solar energy collection. Corresponding applications are not only for photovoltaics, but also for solar thermal. In fact, solar thermal has a market with profit even higher than photovoltaics, yet

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“…On the other hand, direct wrinkle patterning methods were developed using a focused ion beam ( 34 ) and lasers ( 35 ) for more precise patterning of wrinkles. Although these studies demonstrated the generation of wrinkles with designed patterns that were unachievable by the other methods discussed above, these techniques are inadequate for transformation purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%