“…This is in line with several studies that have found orientation‐free memory performance depending on active exploration of the layout (Sun, Chan, & Campos, 2004) of sufficient duration (Starrett et al., 2019), the size of the (display of) the layout (Presson, DeLange, & Hazelrigg, 1989; Sholl & Nolin, 1997), explicit nonegocentric encoding during learning (Fery & Magnac, 2000), and other factors (Sholl & Bartels, 2002; Sholl & Nolin, 1997). There seems to be no consensus on why certain conditions lead to orientation‐free performance and replication of some findings seems to be difficult (Hutcheson & Allen, 2005). Smart also does not readily provide an explanation of all instances of observed orientation‐free performance.…”