Path to the measurement of positive gain on the 1315-nm transition of atomic iodine pumped by O/sub 2/(a/sup 1//spl Delta/) produced in an electric discharge

Carroll, David L.; Verdeyen, J. T.; King, Darren M.; Zimmerman, Joseph W.; Laystrom, Julia K.; Woodard, Brian S.; Benavides, Gabriel F.; Kittell, Kirk; Solomon, W. C.

doi:10.1109/jqe.2004.839691

Cited by 75 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The electrically driven oxygen-iodine laser (ElectricOIL), which was first demonstrated by Carroll [7,8] , operates on the electronic transition of the iodine atom at 1315 nm, I( 2 P 1/2 ) → I( 2 P 3/2 ) (denoted hereafter as I* and I, respectively). The lasing state I* is produced by near resonant energy transfer with the singlet oxygen metastable O 2 (a 1 ) (denoted hereafter as O 2 (a)).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen atom density and thermal energy control in an electric-oxygen iodine laser

et al. 2014

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Experiments [1] with Electric Oxygen-Iodine Laser (ElectricOIL) heat exchanger technology have demonstrated improved control of oxygen atom density and thermal energy, with minimal quenching of O 2 (a 1 ), and increasing small signal gain from 0.26% cm -1 to 0.30% cm -1 . Heat exchanger technological improvements were achieved through both experimental and modeling studies, including estimation of O 2 (a 1 ) surface quenching coefficients for select ElectricOIL materials downstream of a radio-frequency discharge-driven singlet oxygen generator. Estimation of O 2 (a 1 ) quenching coefficients is differentiated from previous studies by inclusion of oxygen atoms, historically scrubbed using HgO [2][3][4] or AgO [5] . High-fidelity, time-dependent and steady-state simulations are presented using the new BLAZE-VI multi-physics simulation suite [6] and compared to data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen atom density and thermal energy control in an electric-oxygen iodine laser

et al. 2014

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The roles of the major components of the active-O 2 flow, O 2 (a 1 ∆ g ) and O( 3 P), are now fairly well understood. Atomic oxygen dissociates the I 2 fuel, O 2 (a) excites the iodine atoms by near-resonant energy transfer, and any excess atomic oxygen quenches the excited state I*:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of metastable singlet oxygen in the reaction of nitric oxide with active oxygen

2008

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Predictive modeling of the performance of EOIL laser systems must address the kinetics of the active oxygen flow, including the production of O 3 from recombination of O and O 2 , and the effects of NO as an additive to remove O and promote O 2 (a) formation. This paper describes experimental measurements of the reaction kinetics for active-oxygen flows generated by microwave discharge of O 2 /He mixtures at 3 to 10 torr. The concentrations of O 2 (a 1 ∆), O, and O 3 were directly measured as functions of reaction time in a discharge-flow reactor. Both the O removal rate and the O 3 production rate were observed to be significantly lower than expected from the widely accepted three-body recombination mechanism for O 3 production, indicating the existence of a previously unknown O 3 dissociation reaction. Addition of NO to the flow well downstream of the discharge resulted in readily detectable production of O 2 (a) in addition to that generated by the discharge. The observed O 2 (a) production rates were remarkably insensitive to variations in total pressure, O 2 concentration, and NO concentration over the ranges investigated. The mechanism for this O 2 (a) production remains to be identified, however it appears to involve a hitherto undetected, metastable, energetic species produced in the active-oxygen flow.

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“…The NO also significantly reduces the concentration of atomic oxygen, which has been shown to quench the desired I͑ 2 P 1/2 ͒ state. 11,12 The O 2 ͑ 1 ⌬͒ yield measured downstream of the discharge for these conditions was Ϸ18%, which corresponds to 170 W stored in the O 2 ͑ 1 ⌬͒ flow. A secondary stream of Ϸ0.02 mmol/s of I 2 with 20.0 mmol/s of secondary He diluent was injected 32.4 cm downstream from the exit of the primary discharge.…”

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confidence: 95%

Gain recovery in an electric oxygen-iodine laser

Zimmerman

Benavides

Palla

et al. 2009

Applied Physics Letters

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Recent investigations of an electric oxygen-iodine laser system have shown that computational modeling overpredicts the experimentally measured power output for similar gain conditions. This discrepancy is potentially due to an unknown reaction that competes with the forward pumping of I(P21/2) by O2(a Δ1). Measurements of gain recovery downstream of an operating laser cavity were performed. Modeling of this experiment shows that reducing the forward pumping rate by an effective factor of approximately 4 to simulate a competing mechanism results in the computational modeling matching the experimental gain recovery measurements, and in improved agreement between the measured and modeled laser power extraction.

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Path to the measurement of positive gain on the 1315-nm transition of atomic iodine pumped by O/sub 2/(a/sup 1//spl Delta/) produced in an electric discharge

Cited by 75 publications

References 16 publications

Oxygen atom density and thermal energy control in an electric-oxygen iodine laser

Oxygen atom density and thermal energy control in an electric-oxygen iodine laser

Production of metastable singlet oxygen in the reaction of nitric oxide with active oxygen

Gain recovery in an electric oxygen-iodine laser

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