Abstract:Hepatic encephalopathy and coma hepaticum are caused by a metabolic injury of the brain due to severe liver failure and/or portosystemic shunt. They are associated with an accumulation of cerebrotoxic metabolites in blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid (ammonia, mercaptans, short-chain fatty acids, phenols) and changes ofthe amino acid profile characterized by an increase ofaromatic (tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan) and decrease of branched-chain (leucine/isoleucine, valine) amino acids. The complex bioch… Show more
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